אב

See also: אָבֿ, אָב, and Appendix:Variations of "ab"

Aramaic

Etymology

From Akkadian 𒌚𒉈 (Abum).

Noun

אַב • (ʾaḇ) m

1. absolute form of אַבָּא (ʾabbā)

Proper noun

אָב • (ʾāv) m

1. August
2. Av

Descendants

• Classical Syriac: ܐܒ (ʾāv)
  • Arabic: آب (ʔāb)
• Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܐܵܒ (āb)
• Turoyo: ܐܳܒ (ob)

References

• “ˀb²”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Jastrow, Marcus (1903), A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature‎^[1], London, New York: Luzac & Co., G.P. Putnam's Sons, page 1

Hebrew

Etymology 1

From Proto-Semitic *ʔabw-. Doublet of אַבָּא (ába), which was borrowed from Aramaic. Cognate with Arabic أب.

Pronunciation

• (Biblical Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʔaːb/, [ʔaːβ]
• (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ˈʔɔːv/ [ˈʔɔːv]
• (Yemenite Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ˈʔɔv/ [ˈʔɔːv]
• (Iraqi Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ˈʔab/
• (Syrian Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ˈʔab/
• (Sephardi Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ˈʔab/
• (Ashkenazi Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ˈ(ʔ)ɔv/
• (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ˈ(ʔ)av/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

אָב • (áv) m (plural indefinite אָבוֹת, singular construct אֲבִי־, feminine counterpart אֵם)

1. father (a male parent, especially of a human; a male who parents a child (which he has sired, adopted, fostered, taken as his own, etc.))
   • 2016, March 31, nrg

     יו״ר מרצ גלאון אמרה בעקבות שיחתו של נתניהו עם אבי החייל היורה מחברון: […]

     Yo"R [yoshévet rósh] mérets gal'ón am'rá b'ik'vót sikható shel n'tanyáhu im aví hakhayál hayoré mekhevrón: […]

     Chairman of Meretz Gal-On said, following Netanyahu's conversation with the father of the shooting soldier from Hebron: […]

2. ancestor, forefather
3. progenitor
4. originator
5. prototype

Usage notes

• In Modern Hebrew, the singular construct form אַב is also used.

Declension

Declension of אָב

	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
Number:	State:	form	Person:	singular		plural
				m	f	m	f
singular	indefinite	אָב	first	אָבִי		אָבִינוּ
	definite	הָאָב	second	אָבִיךָ	אָבִיךְ	אֲבִיכֶם	אֲבִיכֶן
	construct	אֲבִי־	third	אָבִיו	אָבִיהָ	אֲבִיהֶם	אֲבִיהֶן
plural	indefinite	אָבוֹת	first	אבותיי / אֲבוֹתַי		אֲבוֹתֵינוּ
	definite	הָאָבוֹת	second	אֲבוֹתֶיךָ	אבותייך / אֲבוֹתַיִךְ	אֲבוֹתֵיכֶם	אֲבוֹתֵיכֶן
	construct	אֲבוֹת־	third	אֲבוֹתָיו	אֲבוֹתֶיהָ	אֲבוֹתָם	אֲבוֹתָן

Derived terms

• אַב טִיפּוּס (av tipús)
• אַבָּא (ába)
• אַבָּהוּת (abahút)
• אֲבָהִי (avahí)
• אבות אכלו בוסר ושיני בנים תקהינה / אָבוֹת אָכְלוּ בֹּסֶר וְשִׁנֵּי בָּנִים תִּקְהֶינָה (avót akh'lú bóser v'shiné baním tik'héna)
• אֲבִי הָעוֹרְקִים (aví ha'orkím)
• אֲבִיגַיִל (avigáyil)
• אֲבִיעֶזֶר (avi'ézer)
• אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (avishalóm)
• אַבְנֵר (avnér)
• אַבְרָהָם (avrahám)
• אַבְרָם (avrám)
• תׇּכְנִית אָב (tokhnít áv)

References

• H1 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

Noun

אַב • (av)

1. singular construct state form of אָב (av)‎.

Etymology 2

From Akkadian 𒌚𒉈 (Abum).

Proper noun

אָב • (áv) m

1. (Judaism) Av (the eleventh month of the civil year and the fifth month of the ecclesiastical year in the Jewish calendar, after Tammuz and before Elul)
   • a. 217 C.E., Mishnah. Ta'anit, section 4.6:

     חֲמִשָּׁה דְבָרִים אֵרְעוּ אֶת אֲבוֹתֵינוּ בְּשִׁבְעָה עָשָׂר בְּתַמּוּז וַחֲמִשָּׁה בְּתִשְׁעָה בְאָב.

     Ḥamishá d'varím er'ú et avoténu b-shiv'a asár b-Tammúz, va-ḥamishá b-tish'á b-Av.

     Five things befell our ancestors on the seventeenth of Tammuz, and five things on the ninth of Av.

   • a. 500 C.E., Babylonian Talmud. Ta'anit, 29a:

     אָמַר רַב יְהוּדָה בְּרֵיהּ דְּרַב שְׁמוּאֵל בַּר שִׁילַת מִשְּׁמֵיהּ דְּרַב: כְּשֵׁם שֶׁמִּשֶּׁנִּכְנַס אָב מְמַעֲטִין בְּשִׂמְחָה — כָּךְ מִשֶּׁנִּכְנַס אֲדָר מַרְבִּין בְּשִׂמְחָה.

     amár rav y'hudá b'reh d'rav shmu'él bar shilát mi-shmeh d'rav: k-shem she-mi-she-nikhnás av m'ma'tín b-simkhá — kakh mi-she-nikhnás adár marbín b-simkhá.

     Said R. Judah son of Rav Shmuel son of Sheilath, in the name of Rav: just as when Av comes one decreases rejoicing, so too when Adar comes one increases rejoicing.

Derived terms

• תִּשְׁעָה בְּאָב (tish'a b'áv)

Descendants

• English: Av, Ab
• German: Aw

See also

Hebrew calendar monthsedit

• תִּשְׁרֵי (tishréy)
• חֶשְׁוָן / חשוון (kheshván)
• כִּסְלֵו (kislév)
• טֵבֵת (tevét)
• שְׁבָט (sh'vát)
• אֲדָר (adár)
• נִיסָן (nisán)
• אִיָּר / אייר (iyár)
• סִיוָן / סיוון (siván)
• תַּמּוּז (tamúz)
• אָב (áv)
• אֱלוּל (elúl)

Further reading

• אב on the Hebrew Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^he

Etymology 3

Root
א־ב־ב (ʾ-b-b)
6 terms

Related to Akkadian 𒄧 (inbum), Arabic أَبّ (ʔabb, “meadow”), Aramaic אִנְבָּא.

Pronunciation

• (Biblical Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʔib/
• (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ˈʔeːv/, [ˈʔeː.ev]
• (Yemenite Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ˈʔev/, [ˈʔeːv]
• (Iraqi Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʔeb/
• (Syrian Hebrew) IPA^(key): /(ʔ)eb/
• (Ashkenazi Hebrew) IPA^(key): /(ʔ)ejv/
• (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA^(key): /(ʔ)ev/

Noun

אֵב • (év) m (plural indefinite איבים / אִבִּים) [pattern: קֵטֶל]

1. swelling, spreading.
2. the young shoots of a tree, opposed to the branches growing directly from the trunk.
   • Tanach, Song of Songs 6:11, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

     אֶל־גִּנַּת אֱגוֹז יָרַדְתִּי לִרְאוֹת בְּאִבֵּי הַנָּחַל

     el-ginát egóz yarádti lir'ot b'ibé hanákhal

     I went down into the garden of nuts, to look at the green plants of the valley

3. (in the plural) state of growth, development

Derived terms

• אֲבָבִית (avavít)

Anagrams

• בא