السبت

Arabic

Etymology

Root
س ب ت (s b t)
2 terms

Definite state of the verbal noun of سَبَتَ (sabata) meaning “to rest or hibernate”, “to cease”, “to stop or be still”, “to be motionless”, “to be quiet” as a phono-semantic matching of Classical Syriac ܫܒܬܐ (šabbəṯā, “Saturday”) used in the emphatic state; the religious sense likely being borrowed from the Hebrew שַׁבָּת (šabbā́ṯ, “weekly day of rest”). Ultimately stemming from Proto-Semitic *ṯabat- (“to be still, fixed, or staying”), doublet of the native ثَبَتَ (ṯabata). Related to Akkadian 𒋛𒁍𒌅 (se-bu-tu /⁠sebûtu⁠/, “seventh day of the month”), a holiday term that is paired with Akkadian 𒌓𒌋𒐊𒄰 (UD.15.KAM /⁠šapattu, šabattu⁠/, “two-week duration, the new and full moon”, literally “a day of the cessation”). Displaced شِيَار (šiyār).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /as.sabt/

Noun

السَّبْت • (as-sabt) m

1. Saturday, the cessation or last day of the week

   السَّبْتُ لَدَى ٱلْيَهُودِ يَوْمٌ مُهِمٌّ.

   as-sabtu ladā l-yahūdi yawmun muhimmun.

   Saturday is an important day for the Jews.

2. the Sabbath
3. the duration of a week, seven-day cycle

Declension

Declension of noun السَّبْت (as-sabt)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	—	السَّبْت as-sabt	—
nominative	—	السَّبْتُ as-sabtu	—
accusative	—	السَّبْتَ as-sabta	—
genitive	—	السَّبْتِ as-sabti	—

Declension of noun سَبْت (sabt)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	سَبْت sabt	السَّبْت as-sabt	سَبْت sabt
nominative	سَبْتٌ sabtun	السَّبْتُ as-sabtu	سَبْتُ sabtu
accusative	سَبْتًا sabtan	السَّبْتَ as-sabta	سَبْتَ sabta
genitive	سَبْتٍ sabtin	السَّبْتِ as-sabti	سَبْتِ sabti
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	سَبْتَيْن sabtayn	السَّبْتَيْن as-sabtayn	سَبْتَيْ sabtay
nominative	سَبْتَانِ sabtāni	السَّبْتَانِ as-sabtāni	سَبْتَا sabtā
accusative	سَبْتَيْنِ sabtayni	السَّبْتَيْنِ as-sabtayni	سَبْتَيْ sabtay
genitive	سَبْتَيْنِ sabtayni	السَّبْتَيْنِ as-sabtayni	سَبْتَيْ sabtay
plural	basic broken plural triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	سُبُوت subūt	السُّبُوت as-subūt	سُبُوت subūt
nominative	سُبُوتٌ subūtun	السُّبُوتُ as-subūtu	سُبُوتُ subūtu
accusative	سُبُوتًا subūtan	السُّبُوتَ as-subūta	سُبُوتَ subūta
genitive	سُبُوتٍ subūtin	السُّبُوتِ as-subūti	سُبُوتِ subūti

Synonyms

• يَوْم السَّبْت (yawm as-sabt)

Descendants

• → Afar: sábti
• → Indonesian: Sabtu (“Saturday”), Sabat (“Sabbath”)
• → Malagasy: asabotsy
• → Malay: Sabtu
  • > Indonesian: Sabtu (inherited)
  • → Ternate: Saptu
• → Somali: sábti

See also

• days of the week: أَيَّامُ الْأُسْبُوع (ʔayyāmu al-ʔusbūʕ) (appendix): الْاِثْنَيْن (al-iṯnayn) · الثُّلَاثَاء (aṯ-ṯulāṯāʔ) · الْأَرْبِعَاء (al-ʔarbiʕāʔ) · الْخَمِيس (al-ḵamīs) · الْجُمُعَة (al-jumuʕa) · السَّبْت (as-sabt) · الْأَحَد (al-ʔaḥad) ^[edit]

References

• Lane, Edward William (1863-1893), “سبت”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 1287-1289.
• šabattu, © Association Assyrophile de France, last updated 2017.
• sebe in Black, Jeremy; George, Andrew; Postgate, Nicholas (2000), “السبت”, in A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian, 2nd corrected edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, via the electronic Babylonian Library, page 319

Hijazi Arabic

Root
س ب ت
2 terms

Etymology

Inherited from Arabic السَّبْت (as-sabt).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /as.sabt/

Proper noun

السبت • (as-sabt) m

1. Saturday

See also

• days of the week: أيّام الأسبوع (ʔayyām al-ʔusbūʕ) (appendix): الأحد (al-ʔaḥad) · الاثنين (al-ʔitnēn, al-ʔiṯnēn) · الثلثا (at-tulata, aṯ-ṯulaṯa)/الثلوث (at-talūt, aṯ-ṯalūṯ) · الأربعا (al-ʔarbiʕa)/الربوع (ar-rabūʕ) · الخميس (al-ḵamīs) · الجمعة (al-jumʕa) · السبت (as-sabt) ^[edit]

Moroccan Arabic

Etymology

Inherited from Arabic السَّبْت (as-sabt).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɪs.sabt/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

السبت • (es-sabt) m

1. Saturday

   Synonym: يوم السبت (yūm es-sabt)

See also

• days of the week: إيام الأسبوع (ʔiyyām el-ʔusbūʕ) (appendix): التنين (et-tnayn, et-tnīn) · التلات (et-tlāt) · الاربع (l-ārbaʕ)~الاربعة (l-ārbʕa) · الخميس (el-ḵmīs, le-ḵmīs) · الجمعة (ej-jamʕa) · السبت (es-sabt) · الحد (el-ḥadd) ^[edit]

North Levantine Arabic

Etymology

Inherited from Arabic السَّبْت (as-sabt).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɪsˈsa.bɪt/, /sˈsabt/

Proper noun

السبت • (s-sabt) m

1. Saturday

   Synonym: يوم السبت (yōm is-sabt) Synonym: نهار السبت (nhār is-sabt)

See also

• days of the week: إيّام الأسبوع (ʔiyyām il-ʔusbūʕ) (appendix): السبت (s-sabt) · الأحد (l-ʔaḥad) · التنين (t-tanēn) · التلاتا (t-talāta) · الأربعا (l-ʔurbʕa)/الإربعا (l-ʔirbʕa) · الخميس (l-ḵamīs) · الجمعة (l-jumʕa) ^[edit]

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

Inherited from Arabic السَّبْت (as-sabt).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /is.sabt/, [ɪsˈsab(ɪ)t]

• Audio (Amman):

  (file)

Proper noun

السبت • (is-sabt) m

1. Saturday

   Synonym: يوم السبت (yōm is-sabt)

See also

• days of the week: أيّام الأسبوع (ʔayyām il-ʔusbūʕ) (appendix): السبت (is-sabt) · الأحد (il-ʔaḥad) · الإتنين (il-ʔitnēn) · التلاتا (it-talāta) · الأربعا (il-ʔarbiʕa) · الخميس (il-ḵamīs) · الجمعة (il-jumʕa) ^[edit]