معدن
Appearance
Arabic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun of place and tool noun of عَدَنَ (ʕadana, “to strike”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]مَعْدِن • (maʕdin) m (plural مَعَادِن (maʕādin))
- mine, lode, place where a mineral is found
- Synonym: (commoner) مَنْجِم (manjim)
- c. 950, أبو دلف مسعر بن مهلهل [ʾAbū Dulaf Misʿar Ibn Muhalhal], edited by Kurd von Schlözer, De itinere Asiatico commentarium[1], published 1845 WC GB, pages 18–19:
- فخرجت إلى الساحل أربد بكلة وهذا أول الهند ومنتهى مسير المراكب لا يتهيّأ لها أن يتجاوزها وألا غرقت قال فلما وصلت إلى كلة رأيته وهي عظيمة عالية السور كثيرة البساتين غزيرة الماء ووجدت بها معدن الرصاص القلعي لا يكون إلا في قلعتها في سائر الدنيا، وفي هذه القلعة تضرب السيوف القلعية، وهي الهندية العتيقة … وأهل هذه القلعة يمتنعون على ملكها إذا أرادوا يطيعونه إن أحبوا ورسمهم رسم الصين في ترك الذبائح وليس في جميع الدنيا معدن الرصاص القلعي إلا في هذه القلعة وبينهما وبين الصين ثلثمائة فرسخ وحولها مدن ورساتيق وقرى ولهم أحكام وحبوس وخبايات وأكلهم البر والتمور وبقولهم كلها تباع وزنا وأرغفة خبزهم تباع عددا ولا حمامات لهم بل عندهم عين جارية يغتسلون فيها ودرهمهم يزن ثلثي درهم ويعرف بالفهري ولهم فلوس يتعاملون بها ويلبسون كأهل الصين الإفرند الصيني المثمن وملكها دون ملك الصين ويخطب لملك الصين وقبلته إليه وبيت عبادته له.
- And I went off to the dusty shore of Kala, which is the first and ultimate end of India for vessels, as nobody even dares to imagine to pass by it since he would drown. When I arrived at Kala, I conned it and it is large and has high walls, many gardens and plenty of water, and I found mines of tin not found in the rest of the world but in Qalʿa, and in this Qalʿa one forges the Qalʿaite swords, the excellent Indian ones, and the populace of this Qalʿa withstands its king when it wants and abides by him when it lists, and their tradition is like the tradition of China, refraining from slaughtering beasts, and there aren’t in all the world tin mines but in this Qalʿa, and between them two and China are three-hundred parasang, and there are towns, rural districts and villages, and they have jurisdiction, jails, and corbans, and their food is wheat and dates and all their vegetables they buy by scales, and their bread is bread-rolls they buy by count. They have no baths but a running spring in which they wash, and their dirham weighs as a third-dirham and is known as Fahrī, and they have fulūs with which they commerce, and they dress like the people of China in dear Chinese silks, and their king is subordinate to the King of China, reports to the King of China, his praying direction is to him, his place of sacrifice is towards him.
- mineral
- metal
Declension
[edit]singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | construct | |
informal | مَعْدِن maʕdin |
الْمَعْدِن al-maʕdin |
مَعْدِن maʕdin |
nominative | مَعْدِنٌ maʕdinun |
الْمَعْدِنُ al-maʕdinu |
مَعْدِنُ maʕdinu |
accusative | مَعْدِنًا maʕdinan |
الْمَعْدِنَ al-maʕdina |
مَعْدِنَ maʕdina |
genitive | مَعْدِنٍ maʕdinin |
الْمَعْدِنِ al-maʕdini |
مَعْدِنِ maʕdini |
dual | indefinite | definite | construct |
informal | مَعْدِنَيْن maʕdinayn |
الْمَعْدِنَيْن al-maʕdinayn |
مَعْدِنَيْ maʕdinay |
nominative | مَعْدِنَانِ maʕdināni |
الْمَعْدِنَانِ al-maʕdināni |
مَعْدِنَا maʕdinā |
accusative | مَعْدِنَيْنِ maʕdinayni |
الْمَعْدِنَيْنِ al-maʕdinayni |
مَعْدِنَيْ maʕdinay |
genitive | مَعْدِنَيْنِ maʕdinayni |
الْمَعْدِنَيْنِ al-maʕdinayni |
مَعْدِنَيْ maʕdinay |
plural | basic broken plural diptote | ||
indefinite | definite | construct | |
informal | مَعَادِن maʕādin |
الْمَعَادِن al-maʕādin |
مَعَادِن maʕādin |
nominative | مَعَادِنُ maʕādinu |
الْمَعَادِنُ al-maʕādinu |
مَعَادِنُ maʕādinu |
accusative | مَعَادِنَ maʕādina |
الْمَعَادِنَ al-maʕādina |
مَعَادِنَ maʕādina |
genitive | مَعَادِنَ maʕādina |
الْمَعَادِنِ al-maʕādini |
مَعَادِنِ maʕādini |
Derived terms
[edit]- مَعْدِنِيّ (maʕdiniyy)
Descendants
[edit]Noun
[edit]مِعْدَن • (miʕdan) m
Declension
[edit]singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | construct | |
informal | مِعْدَن miʕdan |
الْمِعْدَن al-miʕdan |
مِعْدَن miʕdan |
nominative | مِعْدَنٌ miʕdanun |
الْمِعْدَنُ al-miʕdanu |
مِعْدَنُ miʕdanu |
accusative | مِعْدَنًا miʕdanan |
الْمِعْدَنَ al-miʕdana |
مِعْدَنَ miʕdana |
genitive | مِعْدَنٍ miʕdanin |
الْمِعْدَنِ al-miʕdani |
مِعْدَنِ miʕdani |
Ottoman Turkish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Arabic مَعْدِن (maʕdin, “mine, load”).
Noun
[edit]معدن • (maʼden) (definite accusative معدنی (maʼdeni), plural معادن (maʼâdin))
- mine, an excavation from which ore or minerals are taken, especially one consisting of underground tunnels
- metal, any of various chemical elements in the periodic table that form a metallic bond with other metal atoms
- Synonym: فلز (filizz)
- (mineralogy) ore, rock or other material that contains valuable or utilitarian materials, primarily metals or gems
- Synonym: جوهر (cevher)
- mineral, a solid substance that has a fairly well-defined chemical composition and a specific crystal structure
Adjective
[edit]معدن • (maʼden)
- metallic, of, relating to, or characteristic of metal, made of or containing such a material
- Synonym: معدنی (maʼdenî)
Derived terms
[edit]- آق معدن (ak maʼden, “mica”)
- اسكی معدن (eski maʼden, “any old metal”)
- باقر معدنی (bakır maʼdeni, “copper-mine; copper-ore”)
- حبش معدنی (habeş maʼdeni, “black sulphur of mercury”)
- كتاب معدنی (kitâb maʼdeni, “large librery of books”)
- مبحث المعادن (mebhasüʼl-maʼâdin, “mineralogy”)
- معدن بوقی (maʼden boku, “scoriae of metal”)
- معدن صویی (maʼden suyu, “mineral water”)
- معدن طباق (maʼden tabak, “metal dish”)
- معدن طوزی (maʼden tuzu, “rock salt”)
- معدن قاشیق (maʼden kaşık, “metal spoon”)
- معدن كوموری (maʼden kömürü, “coal”)
- معدن مقاطعهسی (maʼden mukataʼası, “andministration of mines”)
- معدنجی (maʼdenci, “miner”)
- معدنی (maʼdenî, “metallic”)
- معلومات معدنی (maʼlumat maʼdeni, “fount of all wisdom”, literally “mine of knowledge”)
Descendants
[edit]- Turkish: maden
- → Albanian: madem
- → Armenian: մատէն (matēn), մա̈դա̈ն (mädän), մատէմ (matēm)
- → Greek: μαντέμι (mantémi)
- → Macedonian: мадем (madem)
- → Polish: majdan
- → Romanian: madem
- → Serbo-Croatian:
Proper noun
[edit]
معدن • (maʼden)
- Maden (a town and district of Elazığ Province, Turkey)
- Synonym: ارغنی معدنی (ergani maʼdeni) (historical)
- (now historical) Synonym of چام آردی (çam ardı)
- (now historical) Synonym of كسكین (keskin)
Descendants
[edit]Further reading
[edit]click to expand
- Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1886) “معدن”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: E. Leroux, page 773
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “maden”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3002
- Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “maʿden”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat[2] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 668
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “معدن”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[3], Constantinople: Mihran, page 1191
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Fodina”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum[4], Vienna, column 594
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “معدن”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[5], Vienna, column 4763
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “maden”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2010–) “Maden”, in Nişanyan Yeradları: Türkiye ve Çevre Ülkeler Yerleşim Birimleri Envanteri [Index Anatolicus: An inventory of place names of Turkey and surrounding countries] (in Turkish)
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “معدن”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[6], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1905
- Sezen, Tahir (2017) “Maden”, in Osmanlı Yer Adları [Ottoman Place Names][7], 2nd edition, Ankara: T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü, page 521
Pashto
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]معدن • (mâdën) m (plural معدنونه (mâdënûna))
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
direct | معدن (mâdën) | معدنونه (mâdënuna) |
oblique | معدن (mâdën) | معدنونو (mâdënuno) |
vocative | معدنه (mâdëna) | معدنونو (mâdënuno) |
Persian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Arabic مَعْدِن (maʕdin).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [maʔ.ˈdan]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [mæʔ.d̪ǽn]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [mäʔ.d̪ǽn]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | ma'dan |
Dari reading? | ma'dan |
Iranian reading? | ma'dan |
Tajik reading? | ma'dan |
Noun
[edit]معدن • (ma'dan) (plural معادن (ma'âden), or معدنها)
- mine, quarry
- Synonym: کان (kân)
- c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 2077:
- یاد الناس معادن هین بیار
معدنی باشد فزون از صد هزار- yād alnās ma'ādin hīn biyār
ma'dan-ē bāšad fuzūn az sad hazār - Take heed, remember (the adage), ‘Men are mines’:
one mine may be more than a hundred thousand.
- yād alnās ma'ādin hīn biyār
Derived terms
[edit]Urdu
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]معدن • (ma'din) m or f
Related terms
[edit]Categories:
- Arabic nouns of place
- Arabic tool nouns
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ع د ن
- Arabic 2-syllable words
- Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Arabic terms with audio pronunciation
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- Arabic terms with quotations
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
- Arabic nouns with broken plural
- Arabic nouns with basic diptote broken plural
- Arabic obsolete terms
- Ottoman Turkish terms borrowed from Arabic
- Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Arabic
- Ottoman Turkish terms derived from the Arabic root ع د ن
- Ottoman Turkish lemmas
- Ottoman Turkish nouns
- ota:Mineralogy
- Ottoman Turkish adjectives
- Ottoman Turkish proper nouns
- ota:Towns in Elazığ Province, Turkey
- ota:Towns in Turkey
- ota:Districts of Elazığ Province, Turkey
- ota:Places in Elazığ Province, Turkey
- ota:Places in Turkey
- Ottoman Turkish terms with historical senses
- ota:Mining
- ota:Metals
- ota:Rocks
- Pashto terms derived from Arabic
- Pashto terms with IPA pronunciation
- Pashto terms with audio pronunciation
- Pashto lemmas
- Pashto nouns
- Pashto masculine nouns
- Pashto terms with rare senses
- Pashto terms with obsolete senses
- Persian terms borrowed from Arabic
- Persian terms derived from Arabic
- Persian terms derived from the Arabic root ع د ن
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Persian terms with audio pronunciation
- Persian lemmas
- Persian nouns
- Persian terms with quotations
- Urdu terms derived from Arabic
- Urdu lemmas
- Urdu nouns
- Urdu masculine nouns
- Urdu feminine nouns
- Urdu nouns with multiple genders