کشتی
Khalaj
[edit]Noun
[edit]کَشتی (kəşti) (definite accusative کَشتینی, plural کَشتیلَر)
Declension
[edit]Persian
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle Persian 𐭪𐭱𐭲𐭩𐭪𐭩 (kštyky /kaštīg/, “boat, ship”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [kaʃ.ˈtiː]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [kʰʲæʃ.t̪ʰíː]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [kʰiʃ.t̪ʰí]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | kaštī |
Dari reading? | kištī |
Iranian reading? | kašti |
Tajik reading? | kišti |
Noun
[edit]Dari | کشتی |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | киштӣ |
کَشْتی • (kašti) (plural کشتیها (kašti-hâ))
- boat, ship
- Synonym: قایق (qâyeq)
- سوار کشتی ― savâr-e kašti ― on a ship
- کشتی راندن ― kašti rândan ― to steer a ship
Derived terms
[edit]- کشتی شکسته (kašti šekaste)
- کشتی نوح (kašti-ye nuh)
Descendants
[edit]- → Middle Bengali: কিশ্তী (kiśti)
- Bengali: কিস্তী (kisti)
- → Gujarati: કિશ્તી (kiśtī), કિસ્તી (kistī)
- → Hindustani:
- → Khalaj: kəşti
- → Punjabi:
Etymology 2
[edit]Borrowed from Parthian *kuštīg, from Proto-Iranian *kušti-, a t-extension of Proto-Iranian *kuši- (“side (of the body)”), from Proto-Indo-European *kuḱis (“(female) pubic hair; vulva”), from *kew-k-, from *kew- (“to be concave or convex”).[1] Doublet of کستی (kosti, “sacred Zoroastrian waist-girdle”), which was inherited,[2] as well as with کس (kos, “vulva”); outside of Iranian, cognate with Sanskrit कुक्षि (kukṣi, “belly, interior, womb”) and Lithuanian kūšỹs (“pubic hair; vulva”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [kuʃ.tiː]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [kʰoʃ.t̪ʰiː]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | kuštī |
Iranian reading? | košti |
Noun
[edit]Dari | کشتی |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | гӯштӣ |
کُشْتی • (košti)
Derived terms
[edit]- کشتی آزاد (košti-ye âzâd)
- کشتی فرنگی (košti-ye farangi)
- کشتی گرفتن (košti gereftan)
- کشتیگیر (košti-gir)
Descendants
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]From کشت (kešt, “field”) + ی (-i).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [kiʃ.tiː]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [kʰʲeʃ.t̪ʰiː]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [kʰiʃ.t̪ʰi]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | kištī |
Dari reading? | kištī |
Iranian reading? | kešti |
Tajik reading? | kišti |
Adjective
[edit]کِشْتی • (kešti)
Noun
[edit]کِشْتی • (kešti)
References
[edit]- ^ Edelʹman, D. I. (2011) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 4, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 411-2
- ^ Chehabi, Houchang (2018) “Wrestling in the Shahnameh and Later Persian Epics”, in The Layered Heart: Essays on Persian Poetry[1], →ISBN, pages 241—242
Punjabi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Classical Persian کشتی (kaštī, kištī).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Punjabi) IPA(key): /kəʃ.t̪iː/
- Rhymes: -iː
- Hyphenation: کَش‧تی
Noun
[edit]کَشتی • (kaśtī) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਕਸ਼ਤੀ)
Declension
[edit]Declension of کشتی | ||
---|---|---|
dir. sg. | کَشْتی (kaśtī) | |
dir. pl. | کَشْتِیاں (kaśtīyāṉ) | |
singular | plural | |
direct | کَشْتی (kaśtī) | کَشْتِیاں (kaśtīyāṉ) |
oblique | کَشْتی (kaśtī) | کَشْتِیاں (kaśtīyāṉ) |
vocative | کَشْتِیے (kaśtiye) | کَشْتِیو (kaśtīv) |
ablative | کَشْتِیوں (kaśtīvṉ) | — |
locative | — | — |
instrumental | — | — |
Further reading
[edit]- Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “کشتی”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz
- “ਕਿਸ਼ਤੀ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2024
Urdu
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Borrowed from Classical Persian کشتی (kaštī, kištī).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /kɪʃ.t̪iː/
- (Punjabic Urdu, Delhi Urdu) IPA(key): [kəʃ.t̪iː]
- Rhymes: -iː
- Hyphenation: کِش‧تی
Noun
[edit]کِشْتی • (kiśtī) f (Hindi spelling कश्ती)
Declension
[edit]Declension of کشتی | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
direct | کشتی (kiśtī) | کشتیاں (kiśtiyā̃) |
oblique | کشتی (kiśtī) | کشتیوں (kiśtiyō̃) |
vocative | کشتی (kiśtī) | کشتیو (kiśtiyō) |
Etymology 2
[edit]Borrowed from Classical Persian کشتی (kuštī).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /kʊʃ.t̪iː/
- Rhymes: -iː
- Hyphenation: کُش‧تی
Noun
[edit]کُشْتی • (kuśtī) f (Hindi spelling कुश्ती)
Declension
[edit]Declension of کشتی | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
direct | کشتی (kuśtī) | کشتیاں (kuśtiyā̃) |
oblique | کشتی (kuśtī) | کشتیوں (kuśtiyō̃) |
vocative | کشتی (kuśtī) | کشتیو (kuśtiyō) |
Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “کشتی”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
- “کشتی”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
- Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “کشتی”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
- Khalaj lemmas
- Khalaj nouns
- Khalaj terms in Arabic script
- Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian
- Persian terms derived from Middle Persian
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Persian lemmas
- Persian nouns
- fa:Watercraft
- Persian terms with collocations
- Persian terms borrowed from Parthian
- Persian terms derived from Parthian
- Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian
- Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Persian doublets
- fa:Wrestling
- Persian compound terms
- Persian adjectives
- Persian terms with uncommon senses
- Punjabi terms borrowed from Classical Persian
- Punjabi terms derived from Classical Persian
- Punjabi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Punjabi/iː
- Rhymes:Punjabi/iː/2 syllables
- Punjabi lemmas
- Punjabi nouns
- Punjabi nouns in Shahmukhi script
- Punjabi feminine nouns
- pa:Watercraft
- Punjabi nouns with declension
- Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Urdu/iː
- Rhymes:Urdu/iː/2 syllables
- Urdu lemmas
- Urdu nouns
- Urdu feminine nouns
- ur:Watercraft
- Urdu nouns with declension
- ur:Wrestling