گردن

See also: کردن and كردن

Baluchi

Noun

گردن • (gardin, gardan)

neck

Central Kurdish

Verb

گردن (girdin) (present stem گر- (gir-))

alternative form of گرتن (girtin)

Persian

گردن

Click on labels in the image

body

Etymology

Cognate with Khotanese gaḍaa- (“throat, neck”), etc.

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ɡar.ˈdan/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡäɾ.d̪án]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ɡäɾ.d̪án]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ɡäɾ.d̪án]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡʲæɹ.d̪ǽn]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡäɾ.d̪án]

Readings
Classical reading^?	gardan
Dari reading^?	gardan
Iranian reading^?	gardan
Tajik reading^?	gardan

Audio (Iran): (file)

Noun


Iranian Persian	گردن
Dari	گردن
Tajik	гардан

گردن • (gardan) (plural گردن‌ها (gardan-hā / gardan-hâ), Tajik spelling гардан)

neck
- c. 1100, Omar Khayyam, “Poem 130”, in Rubāʿiyāt‎^[1]:
  آباد خرابات ز می خوردن ماست
  خون دوهزار توبه در گردن ماست
  گر من نکنم گناه رحمت که کند
  رحمت همه موقوف گنه کردن ماست
  ābād-i xarābāt zi may-xwardan-i mā-st
  xūn-i du-hazār tawba dar gardan-i mā-st
  gar man nakunam gunāh, rahmat ki kunad
  rahmat hama mawqūf-i gunah-kardan-i mā-st
  Wine-houses flourish through this thirst of mine,
  Loads of remorse weigh down this back of mine;
  Yet, if I sinned not, what would mercy do?
  Mercy depends upon these sins of mine.
  (Classical romanization)
responsibility

Derived terms

گردنبند (gardan band)

Descendants

Tajik: гардан (gardan)
→ Azerbaijani: gərdən
→ Bengali: গর্দান (gordan)
→ Gujarati: ગરદન (gardan)
→ Middle Hindi: گردن (grdn /⁠gardan⁠/)
- Hindustani:
  Hindi: गर्दन (gardan)
  
  Urdu: گَرْدَن (gardan)
→ Kachchi: ગરધન (gardhan)
→ Kolami: గర్దన్ (gardan)
→ Northern Luri: گںردێ (gərdı)
→ Northern Kurdish: gerden
→ Ottoman Turkish: گردن (gerden), گردان (gerdan)
- Turkish: gerdan
- → Albanian: gjerdan, gjardan, gjerdhan, gjordan
- → Armenian: կէռտան (kēṙtan), կէրտան (kērtan)
- → Aromanian: ghiurdane, ghiurdani, ghirdane, ghirdani
- → Bulgarian: герда́н (gerdán)
- → Greek: γιορντάνι (giorntáni), [script needed] (giurdáni)
- → Macedonian: ѓердан (ǵerdan)
- → Romanian: gherdan, ghiordan, ghirdan
- → Serbo-Croatian: ђѐрда̄н / đèrdān
→ Turkmen: gerden
→ Uyghur: گەدەن (geden)
→ Uzbek: gardan

Urdu

Urdu Wikipedia has an article on:

گردن

گردن

Click on labels in the image.

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian (gardan).^[1] First attested in c. 1635 as Middle Hindi گردن (grdn /⁠gardan⁠/).^[2]

Pronunciation

(Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ɡəɾ.d̪ən/
Audio (Pakistan): (file)
Hyphenation: گَرْ‧دَن
Rhymes: -ən

Noun

گَرْدَن • (gardan) f (Hindi spelling गर्दन)^[3]^[4]

(anatomy) neck

Declension

Declension of **گردن**
	singular	plural
direct	گَرْدَن (gardan)	گَرْدَنیں (gardanẽ)
oblique	گَرْدَن (gardan)	گَرْدَنوں (gardanõ)
vocative	گَرْدَن (gardan)	گَرْدَنو (gardano)

References

More information

^ Kuczkiewicz-Fraś, Agnieszka (2008), “gardan, f.”, in Perso-Arabic Loanwords in Hindustani, Part 1 Dictionary, Kraków: Księgarnia Akademicka, →ISBN, page 251.
^ “گردن”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
^ Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971), “گردن”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co., page 521
^ “گردن”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2026.

[1] Kuczkiewicz-Fraś, Agnieszka (2008), “gardan, f.”, in Perso-Arabic Loanwords in Hindustani, Part 1 Dictionary, Kraków: Księgarnia Akademicka, →ISBN, page 251.

[2] “گردن”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.

[3] Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971), “گردن”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co., page 521

[4] “گردن”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2026.

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