अश्रु
Hindi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit अश्रु (áśru), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háśru, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćru, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱru-, from compound *dr̥ḱ-h₂eḱru- (“eye bitter”) (compare *dáḱru-). Cognate with Greek δάκρυ (dákry), Lithuanian ašara, Latvian asara, English tear.
Doublet of आँसू (ā̃sū), a tadbhava.
Noun
अश्रु • (aśru) m (Urdu spelling اشر)
Related terms
- आँसू (ā̃sū)
Sanskrit
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háśru, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćru, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱru, from compound *dr̥ḱ-h₂eḱru- (“eye bitter”) (compare *dáḱru-). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬯𐬭𐬏- (asrū-), 𐬀𐬯𐬭𐬏𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬥 (asrūazan), Lithuanian ãšara, Ancient Greek δάκρυ (dákru), Hittite 𒅖𒄩𒀪𒊒 (isḫaḫru), Tocharian A ākär, Gothic 𐍄𐌰𐌲𐍂 (tagr), Old Armenian արտաւսր (artawsr), Latin lacrima, and Old English tēar (whence English tear).
Pronunciation
Noun
अश्रु • (áśru) stem, n
- tear
- with √muc, √kṛ or √vṛt — to shed tears, weep
- RV 10.95.12b
- कदा सूनुः पितरं जात इछाच्चक्रन नाश्रु वर्तयद्विजानन ।
को दम्पती समनसा वि यूयोदध यदग्निःश्वशुरेषु दीदयत ॥- kadā sūnuḥ pitaraṃ jāta ichāccakrana nāśru vartayadvijānana.
ko dampatī samanasā vi yūyodadha yadagniḥśvaśureṣu dīdayata. - When will the son be born and seek his father? Mourner-like, will he weep when first he knows him?
Who shall divide the accordant wife and husband, while fire is shining with thy consort's parents?
- kadā sūnuḥ pitaraṃ jāta ichāccakrana nāśru vartayadvijānana.
Declension
Neuter u-stem declension of अश्रु (áśru) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | अश्रु áśru |
अश्रुणी áśruṇī |
अश्रूणि / अश्रु¹ / अश्रू¹ áśrūṇi / áśru¹ / áśrū¹ |
Vocative | अश्रु / अश्रो áśru / áśro |
अश्रुणी áśruṇī |
अश्रूणि / अश्रु¹ / अश्रू¹ áśrūṇi / áśru¹ / áśrū¹ |
Accusative | अश्रु áśru |
अश्रुणी áśruṇī |
अश्रूणि / अश्रु¹ / अश्रू¹ áśrūṇi / áśru¹ / áśrū¹ |
Instrumental | अश्रुणा / अश्र्वा¹ áśruṇā / áśrvā¹ |
अश्रुभ्याम् áśrubhyām |
अश्रुभिः áśrubhiḥ |
Dative | अश्रुणे / अश्रवे¹ áśruṇe / áśrave¹ |
अश्रुभ्याम् áśrubhyām |
अश्रुभ्यः áśrubhyaḥ |
Ablative | अश्रुणः / अश्रोः¹ áśruṇaḥ / áśroḥ¹ |
अश्रुभ्याम् áśrubhyām |
अश्रुभ्यः áśrubhyaḥ |
Genitive | अश्रुणः / अश्रोः¹ áśruṇaḥ / áśroḥ¹ |
अश्रुणोः áśruṇoḥ |
अश्रूणाम् áśrūṇām |
Locative | अश्रुणि / अश्रौ¹ áśruṇi / áśrau¹ |
अश्रुणोः áśruṇoḥ |
अश्रुषु áśruṣu |
Notes |
|
Descendants
- Gujarati: આંસુ (ā̃su)
- Hindi: आँसू (ā̃sū)
- Marathi: आसव (āsav)
- Nepali: आशू (āśū)
- Punjabi: ਅੱਥਰੂ (attharū)
- Rajasthani: आंहू (ā̃hū)
- Telugu: అశ్రువు (aśruvu)
- Urdu: آنسو (ā̃sū)
References
- “अश्रु” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 51.
- Monier Williams (1899) “अश्रु”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0114.
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “अश्रु”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 033
- Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 089
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