लोह

See also: लोहू, लोहा, and लहू

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit लोह (lohá). Doublet of लोहा (lohā).

Noun

लोह • (loh) m (Urdu spelling لوه)

1. iron (either crude or wrought)
2. steel
3. metal
4. (rare) a weapon
5. (rare) blood

Synonyms

• इस्पात (ispāt)
• फ़ौलाद (faulād)

Related terms

• लोहा (lohā)

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Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• loha (Latin script)
• 𑀮𑁄𑀳 (Brahmi script)
• লোহ (Bengali script)
• ලොහ (Sinhalese script)
• လောဟ or လေႃႁ (Burmese script)
• โลห or โลหะ (Thai script)
• ᩃᩮᩣᩉ (Tai Tham script)
• ໂລຫ or ໂລຫະ (Lao script)
• លោហ (Khmer script)
• 𑄣𑄮𑄦 (Chakma script)

Etymology

From Sanskrit लोह (lohá).

Noun

लोह n

1. metal, especially copper, brass, or bronze

Declension

Declension table of "लोह" (neuter)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	लोहं (lohaṃ)	लोहानि (lohāni)
Accusative (second)	लोहं (lohaṃ)	लोहानि (lohāni)
Instrumental (third)	लोहेन (lohena)	लोहेहि (lohehi) or लोहेभि (lohebhi)
Dative (fourth)	लोहस्स (lohassa) or लोहाय (lohāya) or लोहत्थं (lohatthaṃ)	लोहानं (lohānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	लोहस्मा (lohasmā) or लोहम्हा (lohamhā) or लोहा (lohā)	लोहेहि (lohehi) or लोहेभि (lohebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	लोहस्स (lohassa)	लोहानं (lohānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	लोहस्मिं (lohasmiṃ) or लोहम्हि (lohamhi) or लोहे (lohe)	लोहेसु (lohesu)
Vocative (calling)	लोह (loha)	लोहानि (lohāni)

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Sanskrit

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hrawdʰás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hrawdʰás, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰós (“red thing”), from *h₁rewdʰ (“red”). Cognate with Middle Persian [script needed] (lwd /⁠rôy⁠/, “brass”).

The -h- instead of the expected -dh- seems to be a standard dissimilation of dh…t to h…t across the whole paradigm for रुध् (rudh) in the dialect on which Classical Sanskrit was based, compare रोहित (róhita, “red mare”), नीललोहित (nīlalohitá, “dark blue and red”), but रुधिर (rudhirá, “red”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /lɐw.ɦɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈl̪oː.ɦɐ/

Adjective

लोह • (lohá) (Vedic lauhá or laudhá)

1. red, reddish, copper-coloured
2. made of copper
3. made of iron

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of लोह
Nom. sg.	लोहः (lohaḥ)
Gen. sg.	लोहस्य (lohasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	लोहः (lohaḥ)	लोहौ (lohau)	लोहाः (lohāḥ)
Vocative	लोह (loha)	लोहौ (lohau)	लोहाः (lohāḥ)
Accusative	लोहम् (loham)	लोहौ (lohau)	लोहान् (lohān)
Instrumental	लोहेन (lohena)	लोहाभ्याम् (lohābhyām)	लोहैः (lohaiḥ)
Dative	लोहाय (lohāya)	लोहाभ्याम् (lohābhyām)	लोहेभ्यः (lohebhyaḥ)
Ablative	लोहात् (lohāt)	लोहाभ्याम् (lohābhyām)	लोहेभ्यः (lohebhyaḥ)
Genitive	लोहस्य (lohasya)	लोहयोः (lohayoḥ)	लोहानाम् (lohānām)
Locative	लोहे (lohe)	लोहयोः (lohayoḥ)	लोहेषु (loheṣu)

Feminine ā-stem declension of लोह
Nom. sg.	लोहा (lohā)
Gen. sg.	लोहायाः (lohāyāḥ)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	लोहा (lohā)	लोहे (lohe)	लोहाः (lohāḥ)
Vocative	लोहे (lohe)	लोहे (lohe)	लोहाः (lohāḥ)
Accusative	लोहाम् (lohām)	लोहे (lohe)	लोहाः (lohāḥ)
Instrumental	लोहया (lohayā)	लोहाभ्याम् (lohābhyām)	लोहाभिः (lohābhiḥ)
Dative	लोहायै (lohāyai)	लोहाभ्याम् (lohābhyām)	लोहाभ्यः (lohābhyaḥ)
Ablative	लोहायाः (lohāyāḥ)	लोहाभ्याम् (lohābhyām)	लोहाभ्यः (lohābhyaḥ)
Genitive	लोहायाः (lohāyāḥ)	लोहयोः (lohayoḥ)	लोहानाम् (lohānām)
Locative	लोहायाम् (lohāyām)	लोहयोः (lohayoḥ)	लोहासु (lohāsu)

Neuter a-stem declension of लोह
Nom. sg.	लोहम् (loham)
Gen. sg.	लोहस्य (lohasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	लोहम् (loham)	लोहे (lohe)	लोहानि (lohāni)
Vocative	लोह (loha)	लोहे (lohe)	लोहानि (lohāni)
Accusative	लोहम् (loham)	लोहे (lohe)	लोहानि (lohāni)
Instrumental	लोहेन (lohena)	लोहाभ्याम् (lohābhyām)	लोहैः (lohaiḥ)
Dative	लोहाय (lohāya)	लोहाभ्याम् (lohābhyām)	लोहेभ्यः (lohebhyaḥ)
Ablative	लोहात् (lohāt)	लोहाभ्याम् (lohābhyām)	लोहेभ्यः (lohebhyaḥ)
Genitive	लोहस्य (lohasya)	लोहयोः (lohayoḥ)	लोहानाम् (lohānām)
Locative	लोहे (lohe)	लोहयोः (lohayoḥ)	लोहेषु (loheṣu)

Noun

लोह • (lohá) stem, m or n (Vedic lauhá or laudhá)

1. red metal, copper

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of लोह (lohá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	लोहः loháḥ	लोहौ / लोहा¹ lohaú / lohā́¹	लोहाः / लोहासः¹ lohā́ḥ / lohā́saḥ¹
Vocative	लोह lóha	लोहौ / लोहा¹ lóhau / lóhā¹	लोहाः / लोहासः¹ lóhāḥ / lóhāsaḥ¹
Accusative	लोहम् lohám	लोहौ / लोहा¹ lohaú / lohā́¹	लोहान् lohā́n
Instrumental	लोहेन lohéna	लोहाभ्याम् lohā́bhyām	लोहैः / लोहेभिः¹ lohaíḥ / lohébhiḥ¹
Dative	लोहाय lohā́ya	लोहाभ्याम् lohā́bhyām	लोहेभ्यः lohébhyaḥ
Ablative	लोहात् lohā́t	लोहाभ्याम् lohā́bhyām	लोहेभ्यः lohébhyaḥ
Genitive	लोहस्य lohásya	लोहयोः loháyoḥ	लोहानाम् lohā́nām
Locative	लोहे lohé	लोहयोः loháyoḥ	लोहेषु lohéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Neuter a-stem declension of लोह (lohá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	लोहम् lohám	लोहे lohé	लोहानि / लोहा¹ lohā́ni / lohā́¹
Vocative	लोह lóha	लोहे lóhe	लोहानि / लोहा¹ lóhāni / lóhā¹
Accusative	लोहम् lohám	लोहे lohé	लोहानि / लोहा¹ lohā́ni / lohā́¹
Instrumental	लोहेन lohéna	लोहाभ्याम् lohā́bhyām	लोहैः / लोहेभिः¹ lohaíḥ / lohébhiḥ¹
Dative	लोहाय lohā́ya	लोहाभ्याम् lohā́bhyām	लोहेभ्यः lohébhyaḥ
Ablative	लोहात् lohā́t	लोहाभ्याम् lohā́bhyām	लोहेभ्यः lohébhyaḥ
Genitive	लोहस्य lohásya	लोहयोः loháyoḥ	लोहानाम् lohā́nām
Locative	लोहे lohé	लोहयोः loháyoḥ	लोहेषु lohéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Noun

लोह • (lohá) stem, m (Vedic lauhá or laudhá)

1. (in later language) iron (either crude or wrought) or steel or gold or any metal
2. weapon
3. fish-hook
4. blood
5. red goat (compare लोहाज (lohāja))
6. (probably) a kind of bird
7. name of a man
8. (in the plural) name of a people

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of लोह (lohá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	लोहः loháḥ	लोहौ / लोहा¹ lohaú / lohā́¹	लोहाः / लोहासः¹ lohā́ḥ / lohā́saḥ¹
Vocative	लोह lóha	लोहौ / लोहा¹ lóhau / lóhā¹	लोहाः / लोहासः¹ lóhāḥ / lóhāsaḥ¹
Accusative	लोहम् lohám	लोहौ / लोहा¹ lohaú / lohā́¹	लोहान् lohā́n
Instrumental	लोहेन lohéna	लोहाभ्याम् lohā́bhyām	लोहैः / लोहेभिः¹ lohaíḥ / lohébhiḥ¹
Dative	लोहाय lohā́ya	लोहाभ्याम् lohā́bhyām	लोहेभ्यः lohébhyaḥ
Ablative	लोहात् lohā́t	लोहाभ्याम् lohā́bhyām	लोहेभ्यः lohébhyaḥ
Genitive	लोहस्य lohásya	लोहयोः loháyoḥ	लोहानाम् lohā́nām
Locative	लोहे lohé	लोहयोः loháyoḥ	लोहेषु lohéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Noun

लोह • (lohá) stem, n (Vedic lauhá or laudhá)

1. any object or vessel made of iron
2. aloe wood, Agallochum

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of लोह (lohá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	लोहम् lohám	लोहे lohé	लोहानि / लोहा¹ lohā́ni / lohā́¹
Vocative	लोह lóha	लोहे lóhe	लोहानि / लोहा¹ lóhāni / lóhā¹
Accusative	लोहम् lohám	लोहे lohé	लोहानि / लोहा¹ lohā́ni / lohā́¹
Instrumental	लोहेन lohéna	लोहाभ्याम् lohā́bhyām	लोहैः / लोहेभिः¹ lohaíḥ / lohébhiḥ¹
Dative	लोहाय lohā́ya	लोहाभ्याम् lohā́bhyām	लोहेभ्यः lohébhyaḥ
Ablative	लोहात् lohā́t	लोहाभ्याम् lohā́bhyām	लोहेभ्यः lohébhyaḥ
Genitive	लोहस्य lohásya	लोहयोः loháyoḥ	लोहानाम् lohā́nām
Locative	लोहे lohé	लोहयोः loháyoḥ	लोहेषु lohéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “लोह”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0908.