侵害
Chinese
to invade; to infringe; to approach | to do harm to; to cause trouble to; harm to do harm to; to cause trouble to; harm; evil; calamity | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (侵害) | 侵 | 害 | |
simp. #(侵害) | 侵 | 害 |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): cam1 hoi6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhîm-hoi
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhim-hāi
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄣ ㄏㄞˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cinhài
- Wade–Giles: chʻin1-hai4
- Yale: chīn-hài
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chinhay
- Palladius: циньхай (cinʹxaj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵ xaɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: cam1 hoi6
- Yale: chām hoih
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsam1 hoi6
- Guangdong Romanization: cem1 hoi6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɐm⁵⁵ hɔːi̯²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhîm-hoi
- Hakka Romanization System: qimˊ hoi
- Hagfa Pinyim: qim1 hoi4
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰim²⁴⁻¹¹ hoi̯⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Southern Min
Verb
侵害
Derived terms
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Descendants
Japanese
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
侵 | 害 |
しん Grade: S |
がい Grade: 4 |
on'yomi |
Pronunciation
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Noun
- violation, infringement, breach
- A社は人権侵害で告訴された。
- A Sha wa jinken shingai de kokuso sareta.
- Company A was sued for human rights violations.
- A社は人権侵害で告訴された。
Verb
侵害する • (shingai suru) suru (stem 侵害し (shingai shi), past 侵害した (shingai shita))
Conjugation
Conjugation of "侵害する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 侵害し | しんがいし | shingai shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 侵害し | しんがいし | shingai shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 侵害する | しんがいする | shingai suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 侵害する | しんがいする | shingai suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 侵害すれ | しんがいすれ | shingai sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 侵害せよ¹ 侵害しろ² |
しんがいせよ¹ しんがいしろ² |
shingai seyo¹ shingai shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 侵害される | しんがいされる | shingai sareru | |
Causative | 侵害させる 侵害さす |
しんがいさせる しんがいさす |
shingai saseru shingai sasu | |
Potential | 侵害できる | しんがいできる | shingai dekiru | |
Volitional | 侵害しよう | しんがいしよう | shingai shiyō | |
Negative | 侵害しない | しんがいしない | shingai shinai | |
Negative continuative | 侵害せず | しんがいせず | shingai sezu | |
Formal | 侵害します | しんがいします | shingai shimasu | |
Perfective | 侵害した | しんがいした | shingai shita | |
Conjunctive | 侵害して | しんがいして | shingai shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 侵害すれば | しんがいすれば | shingai sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
References
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
Categories:
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Chinese verbs
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- Hakka verbs
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- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 侵
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- Japanese terms spelled with 侵 read as しん
- Japanese terms spelled with 害 read as がい
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese lemmas
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- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
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