壑

Translingual

Han character

壑 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+14, 17 strokes, cangjie input 卜水土 (YEG), four-corner 2710₄, composition ⿱㕡土)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 241, character 7
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5554
• Dae Jaweon: page 480, character 30
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 496, character 2
• Unihan data for U+58D1

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		壑

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hè, huò

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄜˋ, ㄏㄨㄛˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kok³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hè
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hè
    • Wade–Giles: ho⁴
    • Yale: hè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: heh
    • Palladius: хэ (xɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɤ⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: huò
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄛˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: huò
    • Wade–Giles: huo⁴
    • Yale: hwò
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huoh
    • Palladius: хо (xo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯ɔ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: kok³
    • Yale: kok
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kok⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: kog³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɔːk̚³/

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• Middle Chinese: xak

Rime
Character	壑
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	鐸 (103)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	呵各切
Baxter	xak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/hɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/xɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hak̚/
Li Rong	/xɑk̚/
Wang Li	/xɑk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/xɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	he
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hok3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰˤak/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qʰaːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	壑
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hè
Middle Chinese	‹ xak ›
Old Chinese	/*qʰˁak/
English	moat; canal
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	壑
Reading #	1/1
No.	5616
Phonetic component	壑
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	𦞦
Old Chinese	/*qʰaːɡ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 壑

1. mountain valley; narrow ravine; bed of torrent; gully
2. hole; deep hole with water
3. (biology) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Japanese

Kanji

壑

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): がく (gaku), かく (kaku)
• Kun: たに (tani)

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Korean

Hanja

壑 • (hak) (hangeul 학, revised hak, McCune–Reischauer hak, Yale hak)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 壑 (hác)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.