届く
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Japanese
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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届 |
とど Grade: 6 |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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屆く (kyūjitai) |
Japanese verb pair | |
---|---|
active | 届ける |
mediopassive | 届く |
Shift from tozuku below.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "届く"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
届く | とどく | [tòdóꜜkù] |
Imperative (命令形) | 届け | とどけ | [tòdóꜜkè] |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 届かれる | とどかれる | [tòdókáréꜜrù] |
Causative | 届かせる | とどかせる | [tòdókáséꜜrù] |
Potential | - | - | - |
Volitional | 届こう | とどこー | [tòdókóꜜò] |
Negative | 届かない | とどかない | [tòdókáꜜnàì] |
Negative perfective | 届かなかった | とどかなかった | [tòdókáꜜnàkàttà] |
Formal | 届きます | とどきます | [tòdókímáꜜsù] |
Perfective | 届いた | とどいた | [tòdóꜜìtà] |
Conjunctive | 届いて | とどいて | [tòdóꜜìtè] |
Hypothetical conditional | 届けば | とどけば | [tòdóꜜkèbà] |
Verb
[edit]届く • (todoku) intransitive godan (stem 届き (todoki), past 届いた (todoita))
- (literal or figurative) to reach
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "届く" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
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Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 届か | とどか | todoka |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 届き | とどき | todoki |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 届く | とどく | todoku |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 届く | とどく | todoku |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 届け | とどけ | todoke |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 届け | とどけ | todoke |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 届かれる | とどかれる | todokareru |
Causative | 届かせる 届かす |
とどかせる とどかす |
todokaseru todokasu |
Potential | 届ける | とどける | todokeru |
Volitional | 届こう | とどこう | todokō |
Negative | 届かない | とどかない | todokanai |
Negative continuative | 届かず | とどかず | todokazu |
Formal | 届きます | とどきます | todokimasu |
Perfective | 届いた | とどいた | todoita |
Conjunctive | 届いて | とどいて | todoite |
Hypothetical conditional | 届けば | とどけば | todokeba |
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 届か | とどか | todoka |
Continuative (連用形) | 届き | とどき | todoki |
Terminal (終止形) | 届く | とどく | todoku |
Attributive (連体形) | 届く | とどく | todoku |
Realis (已然形) | 届け | とどけ | todoke |
Imperative (命令形) | 届け | とどけ | todoke |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | 届かず | とどかず | todokazu |
Contrasting conjunction | 届けど | とどけど | todokedo |
Causal conjunction | 届けば | とどけば | todokeba |
Conditional conjunction | 届かば | とどかば | todokaba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 届きき | とどきき | todokiki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 届きけり | とどきけり | todokikeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | 届きつ | とどきつ | todokitu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | 届きぬ | とどきぬ | todokinu |
Perfect-continuative tense | 届けり 届きたり |
とどけり とどきたり |
todokeri todokitari |
Volitional | 届かむ | とどかむ | todokamu |
Related terms
[edit]- 届ける (todokeru)
Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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届 |
とず Grade: 6 |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
屆く (kyūjitai) |
From Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.[7] From Proto-Japonic *tontoku.
Verb
[edit]届く • (tozuku) ←とづく (toduku)?intransitive †yodan
- (archaic) Alternative form of 届く (todoku)
Conjugation
[edit]Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 届か | とづか | toduka |
Continuative (連用形) | 届き | とづき | toduki |
Terminal (終止形) | 届く | とづく | toduku |
Attributive (連体形) | 届く | とづく | toduku |
Realis (已然形) | 届け | とづけ | toduke |
Imperative (命令形) | 届け | とづけ | toduke |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | 届かず | とづかず | todukazu |
Contrasting conjunction | 届けど | とづけど | todukedo |
Causal conjunction | 届けば | とづけば | todukeba |
Conditional conjunction | 届かば | とづかば | todukaba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 届きき | とづきき | todukiki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 届きけり | とづきけり | todukikeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | 届きつ | とづきつ | todukitu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | 届きぬ | とづきぬ | todukinu |
Perfect-continuative tense | 届けり 届きたり |
とづけり とづきたり |
todukeri todukitari |
Volitional | 届かむ | とづかむ | todukamu |
Etymology 3
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
届 |
とず Grade: 6 |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
屆く (kyūjitai) |
Verb
[edit]届く • (tozuku) ←とづく (toduku)?transitive †nidan
Conjugation
[edit]Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 届け | とづけ | toduke |
Continuative (連用形) | 届け | とづけ | toduke |
Terminal (終止形) | 届く | とづく | toduku |
Attributive (連体形) | 届くる | とづくる | todukuru |
Realis (已然形) | 届くれ | とづくれ | todukure |
Imperative (命令形) | 届けよ | とづけよ | todukeyo |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | 届けず | とづけず | todukezu |
Contrasting conjunction | 届くれど | とづくれど | todukuredo |
Causal conjunction | 届くれば | とづくれば | todukureba |
Conditional conjunction | 届けば | とづけば | todukeba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 届けき | とづけき | todukeki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 届けけり | とづけけり | todukekeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | 届けつ | とづけつ | toduketu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | 届けぬ | とづけぬ | todukenu |
Perfect-continuative tense | 届けたり | とづけたり | toduketari |
Volitional | 届けむ | とづけむ | todukemu |
References
[edit]- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō
- ^ Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN
- ^ “届”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000
Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 届 read as とど
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese intransitive verbs
- Japanese type 1 verbs
- Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Japanese terms spelled with 届 read as とず
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms historically spelled with づ
- Japanese yodan verbs
- Japanese terms with archaic senses
- Japanese transitive verbs
- Japanese shimo nidan verbs