| Gansu; respectful | to kill; to murder; to slaughter | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (肅殺) | 肅 | 殺 | |
| simp. (肃杀) | 肃 | 杀 | |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 肅 | 殺 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) | 生 (21) |
| Final (韻) | 東 (4) | 山 (75) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | II |
| Fanqie | 息逐切 | 所八切 |
| Baxter | sjuwk | sreat |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/sɨuk̚/ | /ʃˠɛt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/siuk̚/ | /ʃᵚæt̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/siuk̚/ | /ʃæt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/suwk̚/ | /ʂəɨt̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/siuk̚/ | /ʃɛt̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/sĭuk̚/ | /ʃæt̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/si̯uk̚/ | /ʂat̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
su | sha |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
suk1 | saat3 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 肅 | 肅 | 肅 | 肅 | 肅 | 殺 |
| Reading # | 1/5 | 2/5 | 3/5 | 4/5 | 5/5 | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
sù | sù | sù | sù | sù | shā |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ sjuwk › | ‹ sjuwk › | ‹ sjuwk › | ‹ sjuwk › | ‹ sjuwk › | ‹ srɛt › |
| Old Chinese |
/*siwk/ | /*siwk/ | /*siwk/ | /*siwk/ | /*siwk/ | /*s<r>at/ |
| English | solemn, severe | contract (v.); shrivel | present (v.) | beat (v.) | eager; swift | kill |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||||||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 肅 | 殺 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 2/2 |
| No. | 12125 | 11010 |
| Phonetic component |
肅 | 杀 |
| Rime group |
覺 | 月 |
| Rime subdivision |
2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
肅 | 殺 |
| Old Chinese |
/*sɯwɢ/ | /*sreːd/ |
肅殺