赫連

Chinese

		distinguished; awe-inspiring	even; as; to join even; as; to join; to link; successively
trad. (赫連)		赫	連
simp. (赫连)		赫	连

Etymology

Reportedly transcription of a Xiongnu word for "sky". Chen (1998) relates this to 昊天 (OC *g'ôg-hlin) and proposes cognation with 祁連 (OC *g'ieg-lian), reportedly another transcription, and 天 (OC *hlin). See 天 for etymology.

Compare also Turkmen Gökleň (a tribe's name), which -if related- might have been re-analyzed as literally "green hobbler" by folk etymology.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Hèlián

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄜˋ ㄌㄧㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): haak¹ lin⁴
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): Hiak-liân / Hek-liân

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Hèlián
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˋ ㄌㄧㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Hèlián
    • Wade–Giles: Ho⁴-lien²
    • Yale: Hè-lyán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Hehlian
    • Palladius: Хэлянь (Xɛljanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɤ⁵¹ li̯ɛn³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: haak¹ lin⁴
    • Yale: hāak lìhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: haak⁷ lin⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: hag¹ lin⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /haːk̚⁵ liːn²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hiak-liân
    • Tâi-lô: Hiak-liân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hiaklieen
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ liɛn²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hek-liân
    • Tâi-lô: Hik-liân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: heklieen
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ liɛn¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /hiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ liɛn²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ liɛn²³/

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• Middle Chinese: xaek ljen

Rime
Character	赫	連
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	陌 (113)	仙 (77)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	III
Fanqie	呼格切	力延切
Baxter	xaek	ljen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hˠæk̚/	/liᴇn/
Pan Wuyun	/hᵚak̚/	/liɛn/
Shao Rongfen	/xak̚/	/ljæn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/haɨjk̚/	/lian/
Li Rong	/xɐk̚/	/liɛn/
Wang Li	/xɐk̚/	/lĭɛn/
Bernard Karlgren	/xɐk̚/	/li̯ɛn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	he	lián
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hak1	lin4

Proper noun

赫連

1. a surname