遊戯
Japanese
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
遊 | 戯 |
ゆう Grade: 3 |
き > ぎ Grade: S |
on'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
遊戲 (kyūjitai) |
/jiu ki/ → /jiuɡi/ → /juːɡi/
From Middle Chinese compound 遊戲 (MC yuw xje).
Pronunciation
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Noun
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- a game
- Synonym: 遊び (asobi)
- a play (activity for amusement, especially for the young)
- Synonym: お遊戯 (o-yūgi)
Derived terms
Verb
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Conjugation
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 遊戯し | ゆうぎし | yūgi shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 遊戯し | ゆうぎし | yūgi shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 遊戯する | ゆうぎする | yūgi suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 遊戯する | ゆうぎする | yūgi suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 遊戯すれ | ゆうぎすれ | yūgi sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 遊戯せよ¹ 遊戯しろ² |
ゆうぎせよ¹ ゆうぎしろ² |
yūgi seyo¹ yūgi shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 遊戯される | ゆうぎされる | yūgi sareru | |
Causative | 遊戯させる 遊戯さす |
ゆうぎさせる ゆうぎさす |
yūgi saseru yūgi sasu | |
Potential | 遊戯できる | ゆうぎできる | yūgi dekiru | |
Volitional | 遊戯しよう | ゆうぎしよう | yūgi shiyō | |
Negative | 遊戯しない | ゆうぎしない | yūgi shinai | |
Negative continuative | 遊戯せず | ゆうぎせず | yūgi sezu | |
Formal | 遊戯します | ゆうぎします | yūgi shimasu | |
Perfective | 遊戯した | ゆうぎした | yūgi shita | |
Conjunctive | 遊戯して | ゆうぎして | yūgi shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 遊戯すれば | ゆうぎすれば | yūgi sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
遊 | 戯 |
ゆう Grade: 3 |
け > げ Grade: S |
on'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
遊戲 (kyūjitai) |
/jiu ke/ → /jiuɡe/ → /juːɡe/
Possibly from Middle Chinese compound 遊戲 (MC yuw xje), or a shift from yūgi above, utilizing the goon-reading of ke instead of ki/gi. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Pronunciation
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Noun
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- (uncommon) Same as ゆうぎ (yūgi) above
Verb
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- (uncommon) Same as ゆうぎ (yūgi) above
Conjugation
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 遊戯し | ゆうげし | yūge shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 遊戯し | ゆうげし | yūge shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 遊戯する | ゆうげする | yūge suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 遊戯する | ゆうげする | yūge suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 遊戯すれ | ゆうげすれ | yūge sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 遊戯せよ¹ 遊戯しろ² |
ゆうげせよ¹ ゆうげしろ² |
yūge seyo¹ yūge shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 遊戯される | ゆうげされる | yūge sareru | |
Causative | 遊戯させる 遊戯さす |
ゆうげさせる ゆうげさす |
yūge saseru yūge sasu | |
Potential | 遊戯できる | ゆうげできる | yūge dekiru | |
Volitional | 遊戯しよう | ゆうげしよう | yūge shiyō | |
Negative | 遊戯しない | ゆうげしない | yūge shinai | |
Negative continuative | 遊戯せず | ゆうげせず | yūge sezu | |
Formal | 遊戯します | ゆうげします | yūge shimasu | |
Perfective | 遊戯した | ゆうげした | yūge shita | |
Conjunctive | 遊戯して | ゆうげして | yūge shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 遊戯すれば | ゆうげすれば | yūge sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
遊 | 戯 |
ゆ Grade: 3 |
け > げ Grade: S |
on'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
遊戲 (kyūjitai) |
/jiu ke/ → /juke/ ↔ /juɡe/
Likely the oldest borrowing from Middle Chinese 遊戲 (MC yuw xje), attested in Heian period literature.
Noun
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- a game
- an amusement
- (Buddhism) freedom, said of the Buddha, bodhisattvas, or other enlightened beings
- Synonym: 遊化 (yuke)
Derived terms
- 遊戯三昧 (yuge-zanmai)
Proper noun
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References
- Japanese terms spelled with 遊 read as ゆう
- Japanese terms spelled with 戯 read as き
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms spelled with 戯 read as け
- Japanese terms with rendaku
- Japanese terms with uncommon senses
- Japanese terms spelled with 遊 read as ゆ
- Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese
- ja:Buddhism