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2-lit.
( transitive ) to drive off , to repulse (+ ḥr or m : from) [since the Middle Kingdom]
( transitive ) to harry or oppress (the poor )
Conjugation of ꜣr (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: ꜣr , geminated stem: ꜣrr
infinitival forms
imperative
infinitive
negatival complement
complementary infinitive1
singular
plural
ꜣr
ꜣrw , ꜣr
ꜣrt
ꜣr , j.ꜣr
ꜣr , j.ꜣr
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem
periphrastic imperfective 2
periphrastic prospective 2
ꜣr
ḥr ꜣr
m ꜣr
r ꜣr
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood
active
passive
contingent
aspect / mood
active
passive
perfect
ꜣr.n
ꜣrw , ꜣr
consecutive
ꜣr.jn
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
terminative
ꜣrt
perfective 3
ꜣr
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
obligative1
ꜣr.ḫr
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
imperfective
ꜣr , j.ꜣr 1
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
prospective 3
ꜣr
ꜣrr
potentialis1
ꜣr.kꜣ
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
subjunctive
ꜣr , j.ꜣr 1
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
participles
active
passive
active
passive
perfect
ꜣr.n
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
—
—
perfective
ꜣr
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
ꜣr
ꜣrr , ꜣrrj 6 , ꜣr 2 , ꜣrw 2 5 , ꜣry 2 5
imperfective
j.ꜣr 1 , ꜣr , ꜣry , ꜣrw 5
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
j.ꜣr 1 , j.ꜣrw 1 5 , ꜣr , ꜣrj 6 , ꜣry 6
ꜣr , ꜣrw 5
prospective
ꜣr , ꜣrtj 7
—
ꜣrtj 4 , ꜣrt 4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f /.fj , feminine .s /.sj , dual .sn /.snj , plural .sn .
Only in the masculine singular.
Only in the masculine.
Only in the feminine.
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜣr
Erman, Adolf , Grapow, Hermann (1926 ) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache [1] , volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN , pages 11.9–11.16
Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962 ) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian , Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN , page 3