Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dъva

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From earlier *d(u)vō, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *duoˀ (Derksen) / *duwō (?), from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ (“two”):

• Derksen: *dwo-h₁
• Černyx: *d(u)wō
• ЭССЯ: *d(u)wō (“two”)

Baltic cognates include (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Lithuanian dù (< *d(v)úo), (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Latvian divi (< *duvi), (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Prussian dwai

Indo-European cognates include (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Sanskrit [script needed] (dvā), [script needed] (duvā́), [script needed] (dvāù), [script needed] (duvā́u), (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Avestan [script needed] (dva), (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Ancient Greek δύω (dúō), δύο (dúo), (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Armenian երկու (erku) (< *dwóh₁), (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Latin due, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Irish dāu, dau, dā, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Gothic [script needed] (twai) (< (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Germanic *twai), [script needed] (twa), [script needed] (twōs), (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Lycian B tbi (“(an)other, second”), (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Lycian A kbi (“(an)other, second”), (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Albanian dy

Numeral

Proto-Slavic cardinal numbers

<  1	2	3  >
Cardinal : *dъva     Ordinal : *vъtorъ     Adverbial : *d(ъ)va korti     Multiplier : *d(ъ)vogubъ

*dъva

1. two

Inflection

Declension of *dъva (hard pronominal)

Dual	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	*dъva	*dъvě	*dъvě
Accusative	*dъva	*dъvě	*dъvě
Genitive	*dъvoju	*dъvoju	*dъvoju
Locative	*dъvoju	*dъvoju	*dъvoju
Dative	*dъvěma	*dъvěma	*dъvěma
Instrumental	*dъvěma	*dъvěma	*dъvěma

See also

• *d(ъ)vě f (“two”)

Derived terms

Derived terms (23)

• *d(ъ)va desęte (“twenty”)
• *d(ъ)va na desęte (“twelve”)
• *d(ъ)vě sъtě (“two hundred”)
• *d(ъ)va korti / *d(ъ)va korty (“twice”)
• *d(ъ)va šьdi / *d(ъ)va šьdi (“twice”)
• *d(ъ)vojьťi (“twice”)
• *d(ъ)věgubь (“double”)
• *d(ъ)vogubъ (“double”)
• *d(ъ)vojakъ (“double, twofold”)

• *d(ъ)věnъky
• *d(ъ)vęka
• *d(ъ)vęčiti
• *d(ъ)vigo (“yoke for 2 bullock”)
• *d(ъ)vina
• *d(ъ)vigъ
  • *d(ъ)vizь, *d(ъ)viza, *d(ъ)vizę
  • *dvigati (“to raise, lift, move up”)

• *d(ъ)vojь
  • *d(ъ)vojanъ
  • *d(ъ)vojica
  • *d(ъ)vojiti
  • *d(ъ)vojьka
  • *d(ъ)vojьnъ (“dual”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: дъва (dŭva), два (dva)
    • Belarusian: два (dva)
    • Russian: два (dva)
    • Rusyn: два (dva)
    • Ukrainian: два (dva)

• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: дъва (dŭva)

    Glagolitic: ⰴⱏⰲⰰ (dŭva)

  • Bulgarian: две (dve)
  • Macedonian: два (dva)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic: два̑

    Latin: dvȃ

  • Slovene: dvá

• West Slavic:
  • Polish: dwa
  • Polabian: dåvo
  • Czech: dva
  • Slovak: dvaja, dva, dve
  • Slovincian: dvȧ̃
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: dwaj
    • Lower Sorbian: dwa

References

• Derksen, Rick (2015) Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 143
• Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 130
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “два”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

vol=1 Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “два”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN

• Trubachyov, Oleg et al., editors (1974–2021), “*dъva”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka
• Šanskij, N. M. (2004) “два”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa