citus

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈt͡situs/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

citus

1. conditional of citi

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Ido

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈt͡situs/

Verb

citus

1. conditional of citar

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Latin

Etymology

Perfect passive participle of cieō (“put in motion”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈki.tus/, [ˈkɪt̪ʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃi.tus/, [ˈt͡ʃiːt̪us]

Participle

citus (feminine cita, neuter citum); first/second-declension participle

1. put in motion, moved, stirred, shaken; quick, swift, rapid; having been moved
2. summoned, called, having been summoned
3. invoked, appealed to, having been invoked
4. roused, stimulated, excited, provoked, having been provoked

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number	Singular				Plural
Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	citus	cita	citum		citī	citae	cita
Genitive	citī	citae	citī		citōrum	citārum	citōrum
Dative	citō		citō		citīs
Accusative	citum	citam	citum		citōs	citās	cita
Ablative	citō	citā	citō		citīs
Vocative	cite	cita	citum		citī	citae	cita

Adjective

citus (feminine cita, neuter citum, comparative citior, superlative citissimus, adverb citō); first/second-declension adjective

1. swift, quick, rapid
2. early

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number	Singular				Plural
Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	citus	cita	citum		citī	citae	cita
Genitive	citī	citae	citī		citōrum	citārum	citōrum
Dative	citō		citō		citīs
Accusative	citum	citam	citum		citōs	citās	cita
Ablative	citō	citā	citō		citīs
Vocative	cite	cita	citum		citī	citae	cita

Usage notes

According to Döderlein, citus and celer mean "swift, fast, quick" in terms of quick motion (in general) with tardus as their antonym. More specifically, citus refers to a lively motion, whereas celer refers to an eager or impetuous motion.

On the other hand, vēlōx and pernīx as "quick" denote a level of athletic nimbleness in terms of bodily activity, with lentus as their antonym. More specifically, pernīx involves a level of dexterity and quickness in an eclectic range of actions (such as climbing, hurdling, jumping, vaulting, etc.); whereas vēlōx is especially used for running, swimming and flying (moving in a direction)

Thirdly, properus and festīnus as "quick" refer specifically to one's speed in terms of the shortest time to reach a destination, with sēgnis as their antonym. More specifically, festīnus intimates a certain level of impatience, whereas properus simply indicates a haste from energy simply.

References

• “citus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “citus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• citus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• citus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

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Latvian

Pronoun

citus

1. (deprecated template usage) accusative plural masculine form of cits