penguin
English
Alternative forms
- pinguin (obsolete)
Etymology
Unknown;[1] first attested in the 16th century in reference to the auk of the Northern hemisphere; the word was later applied to the superficially similar birds of the Southern hemisphere (as was woggin). Possibly from Welsh pen (“head”) and gwyn (“white”), or from Latin pinguis (“fat”). See citations and the Wikipedia page.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpɛŋɡwɪn/
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "pin-pen" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ˈpɪŋɡwɪn/
Audio (US): (file) - Rhymes: -ɛŋɡwɪn, -ɪŋɡwɪn
Noun
penguin (plural penguins)
- Any of several flightless sea birds, of order Sphenisciformes, found in the Southern Hemisphere, marked by their usual upright stance, walking on short legs, and (generally) their stark black and white plumage. [from 16th c.]
- 1638, Thomas Herbert, Some Yeares Travels, I:
- Here are also birds cal'd Pen-gwins (white-head in Welch) like Pigmies walking upright, their finns or wings hanging very orderly downe like sleeves […]
- 1638, Thomas Herbert, Some Yeares Travels, I:
- (obsolete or historical) An auk (sometimes especially a great auk), a bird of the Northern Hemisphere.
- 1772 March, Account of the Settlement of the Malouines, in The Gentleman's and London Magazine, page 166:
- *This last species of penguin, or auk, seems to be the same with the alca cirrhata of Dr. Pallis, Spicileg. Zool. Fasc. v. p. 7. tab. i. & v. fig. 1–3. F.
- 1885, Journal of the American Geographical Society of New York:
- More than a hundred years ago, for example, was seen the last of the great wingless penguins or auks, which early writers quaintly called " wobble-birds."
- 1772 March, Account of the Settlement of the Malouines, in The Gentleman's and London Magazine, page 166:
- (slang) A nun (association through appearance, because of the often black-and-white habit).
- (juggling) A type of catch where the palm of the hand is facing towards the leg with the arm stretched downward, resembling the flipper of a penguin.
- A spiny bromeliad with egg-shaped fleshy fruit, Bromelia pinguin.
- 1803, Robert Charles Dallas, The History of the Maroons, London: Longman and Rees, Volume 1, Letter 4, p. 82,[1]
- These productive patches, and the houses, were each surrounded by a fence, made of a prickly shrub, called the Pinguin, which propagates itself with great rapidity.
- 1803, Robert Charles Dallas, The History of the Maroons, London: Longman and Rees, Volume 1, Letter 4, p. 82,[1]
- (UK, military, slang) A member of the air force who does not fly aircraft.
- 1942, Hermann Hagedorn, Sunward I've Climbed (page 143)
- Although it is a permanent R.A.F. station (pre-war, that is), we meander about, even in the Mess, in battle dress and flying boots, sweaters, etc., much to the disgust of some of the more dignified 'penguins' […]
- 1994, Monty Berger, Invasions without tears: the story of Canada's top-scoring Spitfire wing in Europe during the Second World War[2], →ISBN, →LCCN, page xi:
- Notwithstanding his elevated status as the wing’s Senior Intelligence Officer, Monty, too, was a “penguin,” equal in that respect to an armament assistant, airframe mechanic, pigeon loftsman or any of the seventy-odd ground trades listed by the Royal Canadian Air Force at the war’s end.
- 1942, Hermann Hagedorn, Sunward I've Climbed (page 143)
Related terms
- Adelie penguin
- African penguin
- Chatham Island penguin
- chinstrap penguin
- crested penguin
- emperor penguin
- erect-crested penguin
- fairy penguin
- Fiordland penguin
- Galapagos penguin
- gentoo penguin
- Humboldt penguin
- jackass penguin
- king penguin
- little penguin
- macaroni penguin
- Magellanic penguin
- penguinery
- penguinry
- penguin trainer
- Ridgen's penguin
- rockhopper penguin
- royal penguin
- Snares penguin
- white-flippered penguin
- yellow-eyed penguin
Descendants
Translations
flightless sea bird
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References
Further reading
- Penguin in the 1921 edition of Collier's Encyclopedia.
Categories:
- English terms with unknown etymologies
- English terms derived from Welsh
- English terms derived from Latin
- English 2-syllable words
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- Rhymes:English/ɛŋɡwɪn
- Rhymes:English/ɛŋɡwɪn/2 syllables
- Rhymes:English/ɪŋɡwɪn
- Rhymes:English/ɪŋɡwɪn/2 syllables
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
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- en:Juggling
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- Hakka terms with non-redundant manual script codes
- Min Nan terms with non-redundant manual script codes
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- en:Bromeliads
- en:Penguins