Inuit

See also: inuit

English

Alternative forms

• Innuit

Etymology

First attested 1755–65. From Inuktitut ᐃᓄᐃᑦ (inoit, “the people”), singular ᐃᓄᒃ (inok, “person”), from Proto-Inuit *inuɣ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɪnjuːɪt/, /ˈɪnuːɪt/, /ˈɪnʊɪt/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

Noun

Inuit (plural Inuit or (rare) Inuits)

1. A member of any of several Aboriginal peoples of coastal Arctic Canada, Alaska, and Greenland.

Derived terms

• Polar Inuit

 

Noun

Inuit

1. plural of Inuk

Synonyms

(member)

• Inuk (proper singular form, uncommon outside Canada)

(plural)

• Inuits (somewhat improper plural, rare)

• Skraeling (historical)

Hypernyms

(member)

• Eskimo (potentially offensive in Alaska, Canada, Greenland, neutral elsewhere)

Hyponyms

(member)

• Greenlander (Greenland)

Holonyms

(plural)

• Inupiat, Inupiaq, Iñupiaq, or Inupik (Alaska)
• Inuinnaq (Western Nunavut, Central Arctic Canada)
• Nunatsiavummiut, Labrador Inuit (Nunatsiavut, Labrador)
• Nunatuĸavummiut, Labrador Metis, Inuit Metis (Nunatuĸavut, Labrador)
• Nunavummiut (Nunavut)
• Nunavimmiut (Nunavik, Northern Quebec)
• Inuvialuit (Northwest Territories)
• Kalaallit (southwest Greenland)

Derived terms

• Canadian Inuit Dog, Inuit dog

Related terms

• Inukshuk

Translations

the people

• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 因紐特人／因纽特人 (jan¹ nau⁵ dak⁶ jan⁴)

  Mandarin: 因紐特人／因纽特人 (zh) (Yīnniǔtèrén)

• Czech: inuita m, inuité m pl
• Danish: inuit c
• Esperanto: inuitoj
• Finnish: inuitti
• French: Inuit (fr)
• Hindi: इनुइत m (inuit)
• Inuktitut:

  Roman: inuit

  Syllabics: ᐃᓄᐃᑦ (inoit)

• Inupiaq: Iñuit
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: inuitt m

  Nynorsk: inuitt m

• Polish: Inuita m, Inuitka f
• Portuguese: inuítes m pl
• Russian: инуи́т (ru) m (inuít), инуи́тка f (inuítka)
• Ukrainian: інуї́ти (inujíty), інуї́т m (inujít), інуї́тка f (inujítka)

Proper noun

Inuit

1. Inuktitut, the Inuit language.

Meronyms

• Inupiatun, Inupiak (Alaska)
• Inuvialuktun (Northwest Territories)
• Inuinnaqtun (Western Nunavut, Central Arctic Canada)
• Inuktitut (Nunavut)
• Nunavimmiutitut (Nunavik, Northern Quebec)
• Nunatsiavummiutut, Labradorimiutut, or locally Inuttut (Nunatsiavut, Labrador)
• Greenlandic, Greenlandish, Kalaallisut (Greenland)

Translations

the language

• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 因紐特語／因纽特语 (jan¹ nau⁵ dak⁶ jyu⁵)

  Mandarin: 因紐特語／因纽特语 (zh) (Yīnniǔtèyǔ)

• Czech: inuitština f
• Finnish: inuitti
• Hindi: इनुइत f (inuit)
• Inuktitut:

  Roman: Inuktitut (iu)

  Syllabics: ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ (iu) (inoktitot)

• Inupiaq: Iñupiatun, Iñupiaq
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: inuittisk m

  Nynorsk: inuittisk m

• Polish: inuicki
• Portuguese: inuíte m
• Russian: инуи́тский язы́к m (inuítskij jazýk)
• Ukrainian: інуї́тська мо́ва f (inujítsʹka móva), інуї́тська f (inujítsʹka)

Adjective

Inuit (comparative more Inuit, superlative most Inuit)

1. Of or pertaining to Inuit people, language, or culture.

Related terms

• Inuitisation, inuitisation
• Inuitise, inuitise
• Inuitization, inuitization
• Inuitize, inuitize

Translations

of or pertaining to Inuit people, language, or culture

• Czech: inuitský m
• Danish: inuitisk
• French: inuit (fr)
• Hindi: इनुइत (inuit)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: inuittisk

  Nynorsk: inuittisk

• Polish: inuicki
• Portuguese: inuíte
• Russian: инуи́тский (inuítskij)
• Ukrainian: інуї́тський (inujítsʹkyj)

Usage notes

The collective term in English for the northernmost indigenous peoples of North America used to be Eskimo, an exonym that has since declined in usage as greater interaction between both language groups. There is a dialect continuum stretching roughly east-west, Alaska to Greenland, of Inuit language varieties, with neighbouring regions' being mutual intelligible but farther separated groups having less linguistic overlap—vocabulary for shared concepts are usually cognates. Yupik peoples of western Alaska (and small proportion in the islands and coast of Russian Far East) speak languages closely related to those of Inuit but without significant intelligibility (unless learned). Inuit and Yupik languages comprise the family referred to as either Eskimo or Inuit-Yupik.

Inuit is the usual term in Canada (often grouped into western and eastern categories); is accepted as the continental umbrella term in Greenland but not for their of languages or group; and has gained some currency in the United States. However, Eskimo continues to be the prevalent name in Alaska for both the Inuit Inupiat people and the non-Inuit Yupik. Also note that the terms Inuit and Eskimo do not include the related Aleut people (Unangam, see also Eskaleut), nor the other Native (First Nations) peoples of the Arctic.

Many dictionaries do not list Inuits as a plural form. Inuit is usually used as an ethnonym with no singular form (like Chinese). The need to treat Inuit as a singular has been obviated by wider recognition of its etymological singular form Inuk in recent times.

References

• “Inuit” in the Canadian Oxford Dictionary, Second Edition, Oxford University Press, 2004.
• “Inuit”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
• Inuit on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Eskimo on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Inuktitut on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Inuit language on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

French

Etymology

From Inuktitut ᐃᓄᐃᑦ (inoit, “the people”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /i.nɥit/, /i.nwit/

Noun

Inuit m (plural Inuits, feminine Inuite)

1. Inuit (people)

Related terms

• inuit
• inuktitut

References

• Inuit/Inuk (Recommandation linguistique du Bureau de la traduction)

Inuktitut

Noun

Inuit

1. plural of Inuk

Derived terms

• Inuit Nunangat

 

Descendants

• → English: Inuit
• → French: Inuit, inuit