Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bъzъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative reconstructions

• *bъzgъ
• *bъzdъ

Etymology

0-grade of Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵos, which in the case of Slavic referred to this. Cognates include Gaulish bagos, Ancient Greek φηγός (phēgós), Latin fāgus, Proto-Germanic *bōkō (> German Buche, Norwegian bøk) which mean beech or oak. From the same root, but with a drifted meaning, is English book.

Several Slavic languages have also borrowed from Germanic *bukъ (“beech”) (e.g. Russian бук (buk), Bulgarian бук (buk), Polish buk), which is ultimately of the same origin.

Noun

*bъ̏zъ m

1. elderberry (Sambucus) (in South Slavic and Russian)
2. lilac (Syringa) (in West Slavic and Ukrainian)

   Synonym: *ľuľakъ

Declension

Declension of *bъzъ (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*bъzъ	*bъza	*bъzi
genitive	*bъza	*bъzu	*bъzъ
dative	*bъzu	*bъzoma	*bъzomъ
accusative	*bъzъ	*bъza	*bъzy
instrumental	*bъzъmь, *bъzomь*	*bъzoma	*bъzy
locative	*bъzě	*bъzu	*bъzěxъ
vocative	*bъze	*bъza	*bъzi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Related terms

• *bazъ (“elder tree”)
• *buzъ (“hum, purr”) (in Bulgarian attested in 0-grade, identical to *bъzъ)
  • *buzina (“rumble”)
• *bukъ (“beech”)

Derived terms

• *bъzьlъ (“elder tree”)
• *bъzьkъ (“shrubs of bushes”)
• *bъzakъ (“shrubs of bushes”)
• *bъzunъ (“cockchafer”)
• *bъzina (“elder wood”)
• (possibly) *bъžurъ

• *bъzьjь (“overgrown with bushes”)
• *bъzovъ (ref. adj.)
  • *bъzovina
  • *bъzovišče
  • *bъzovьcь
  • *bъzovьje

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: бозъ (bozŭ)
    • Russian: боз (boz), буз (buz)
      • ⇒ Russian: бузина́ (buziná, “elder”)
    • Ukrainian: боз (boz), буз (buz)
      • ⇒ Ukrainian: бузина́ (buzyná, “elder”)
      • ⇒ Ukrainian: бузо́к (buzók, “lilac”)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: бъзъ (bŭzŭ)
    • → Romanian: boz, bozie
  • Bulgarian: бъз (bǎz)
    • ⇒ Bulgarian: бъ̀зел (bǎ̀zel), бо̀зъл (bòzǎl), бъ̀зек (bǎ̀zek)
  • Macedonian: боз (boz)
    • ⇒ Macedonian: бозел (bozel)
  • Serbo-Croatian: баз, боз
    • ⇒ Serbo-Croatian: ба̀зга
  • Slovene: bȅz
    • ⇒ Slovene: bezȅg
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: bez
    • Czech: bez
  • Polabian: båz
  • Polish: bez
  • Slovak: bez
  • Slovincian: bẽi̯s
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: bóz
    • Lower Sorbian: bez, baz
• Non-Slavic:
  • → Hungarian: bodza

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “боз”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1976), “*bъzъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 03 (*bratrьcь – *cьrky), Moscow: Nauka, page 144
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “бъз¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 97