Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bainą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Nominal formation from *bainaz (“straight”).^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈbɑi̯.nɑ̃/

Noun

*bainą n^[1]^[2]

leg
bone

Inflection

Declension of *bainą (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*bainą	*bainō
vocative	*bainą	*bainō
accusative	*bainą	*bainō
genitive	bainas, bainis	*bainǫ̂
dative	*bainai	*bainamaz
instrumental	*bainō	*bainamiz

Derived terms

*hrugjabainą

Related terms

*bainaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *bain
- Old English: bān
  - Middle English: bon, ban, bane, bone, boon
    - English: bone
    - Geordie: byen
    - Scots: bane, bain, bean, been
    - Yola: bane
- Old Frisian: bēn
  - North Frisian: bian (Föhr-Amrum, Halligen), biin (Goesharde, Wiedingharde), Bean (Heligoland), biinj (Mooring), Biin (Sylt)
  - Saterland Frisian: Been
  - West Frisian: bien
- Old Saxon: bēn
  - Middle Low German: bên
    - Low German: Been, Bein
    - Plautdietsch: Been
- Old Dutch: bēn
  - Middle Dutch: bêen
    - Dutch: been
      - Afrikaans: been
      - Berbice Creole Dutch: been
      - Jersey Dutch: beîn
      - Negerhollands: been
      - → Lokono: bèna
    - Limburgish: bein
- Old High German: bein
  - Middle High German: bein
    - Alemannic German:
      - Swabian: Boi, Boa
    - Bavarian:
      - Bavarian: Boan
      - Mòcheno: poa
    - Central Franconian: Been
      - Hunsrik: Been
      - Luxembourgish: Been
    - East Central German:
      - Upper Saxon German: Been, Baa
    - German: Bein
    - Vilamovian: baan
    - Yiddish: ביין (beyn)
Old Norse: bein
- Icelandic: bein
- Faroese: bein
- Norn: ben
- Norwegian Nynorsk: bein
  - → Norwegian Bokmål: bein
- Old Swedish: bēn
  - Swedish: ben
- Old Danish: ben
  - Danish: ben
    - Norwegian Bokmål: ben
- Elfdalian: bien
- Old Gutnish: bain
  - Gutnish: bain

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*baina-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 48
^ Vladimir Orel (2003), “*bainan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 32

[EDPG-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*baina-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 48

[2] Vladimir Orel (2003), “*bainan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 32

[1]

[2]