Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pénkʷedḱomt

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *pénkʷe (“five”) +‎ *déḱm̥ (“ten”).

Numeral

**Proto-Indo-European cardinal numbers**
< 40	50	60 >
Cardinal : pénkʷedḱomt Ordinal* : *penkʷedḱm̥tós^[1]

*pénkʷedḱomt^[2]

fifty

Alternative reconstructions

*pénkʷēḱomt^[3]^[4]

Descendants

Armenian:
- Old Armenian: յիսուն (yisun)
  - Armenian: հիսուն (hisun)
Proto-Celtic: *kʷenkʷekonts (see there for further descendants)
Hellenic:
- Ancient Greek: πεντήκοντα (pentḗkonta)
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pančaHćát
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *panćaHśát
  - Sanskrit: पञ्चाशत् (pañcāśát)
    - Hindustani:
      - Hindi: पचास (pacās)
      - Urdu: پچاس (pacās)
- Proto-Iranian: *pančaHcát
  - Northern Kurdish: pêncî
  - Persian: پنجاه (panjâh)
Italic:
- Latin: quīnquāgintā
  - Vulgar Latin: cīnquāgintā (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Fortson, Benjamin W. (2004, 2010), Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, Oxford: Blackwell
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2011), Comparative Indo-European Linguistics: An Introduction, 2nd edition, revised and corrected by Michiel de Vaan, Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, page 238
^ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995), New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 418
^ Ringe, Donald (2006), From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎^[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 206

[Fortson_p132-1] Fortson, Benjamin W. (2004, 2010), Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, Oxford: Blackwell

[2] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2011), Comparative Indo-European Linguistics: An Introduction, 2nd edition, revised and corrected by Michiel de Vaan, Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, page 238

[3] Sihler, Andrew L. (1995), New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 418

[4] Ringe, Donald (2006), From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎^[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 206

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]