Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/stáHnam

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *stéh₂-no-m, from *steh₂- (“to stand”) +‎ *-om (deverbal suffix).

Noun

*stáHnam n

1. the act of standing
2. position, location, place

Declension

neuter a-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*stáHnam	*stáHnay	*stáHnaH
vocative	*stáHnam	*stáHnay	*stáHnaH
accusative	*stáHnam	*stáHnay	*stáHnaH
instrumental	*stáHnaH	*stáHnaybʰyā(m)	*stáHnāyš
ablative	*stáHnāt	*stáHnaybʰyā(m)	*stáHnaybʰyas
dative	*stáHnāy	*stáHnaybʰyā(m)	*stáHnaybʰyas
genitive	*stáHnasya	*stáHnayās	*stáHnānaHam
locative	*stáHnay	*stáHnayaw	*stáHnayšu

Descendants

• Proto-Indo-Aryan: *stʰáHnam
  • Sanskrit: स्थान (sthā́na) (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Iranian: *stáHnam
  • Central Iranian:
    • Avestan: 𐬯𐬙𐬁𐬥𐬀 (stāna)
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Old Persian: 𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎴 (s-t-a-n /⁠stānaʰ⁠⁠⁠/)
      • Middle Persian:

        Manichaean script: -𐫏𐫘𐫤𐫀𐫀𐫗 (-ystʾʾn /⁠-estān⁠/)

        Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (-stʾn' /⁠-estān⁠/)

        Inscriptional Pahlavi script: -𐭮𐭲𐭭 (-stn /⁠-estān⁠/)

        • Persian: ـِسْتَان (/⁠-estân⁠/)
        • Tajik: -истон (-iston)
      • Lurish:

        Northern Luri: ـِسۆ (-esø)

        Bakhtiari: ـِسوو (-esu)

        Southern Luri: ـِستوون (-estun)

• Proto-Nuristani: *tā́na (possibly a loanword from Indo-Aryan given the loss of *s)
  • Northern Nuristani:
    • Kamkata-viri:

      Kamviri: tõ

      Kativiri: tā

  • Southern Nuristani:
    • Ashkun: tana
    • Waigali: tān