Sirius

English

Etymology

From Latin Sīrius, from Ancient Greek Σείριος (Seírios), usually taken from σείριος (seírios, “scorching; scorcher”).

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈsɪɹi.əs/
• Rhymes: -ɪəɹiəs (some dialects)
• Homophone: serious

Proper noun

Sirius

1. (astronomy) A binary star system in the constellation Canis Major
2. (astronomy) A white main sequence star, the primary star of the star system, the only star of the pair that is visible to the naked eye. Long understood as a single extremely luminous white star, it was associated in ancient Egypt with the Nile flood and in Greek and Roman culture with the "dog days" of summer.

Synonyms

Primary star of the binary star

• Alpha Canis Majoris A
• Al Shira (Arab contexts)
• Blazing Star (uncommon)
• Canicula (Roman contexts)
• Sopdet
• Sothis (Egyptian contexts)
• the Dog Star (informal)
• α Canis Majoris A
• α CMa A

 

Binary star system

• Alpha Canis Majoris (Bayer)
• α Canis Majoris (Bayer)
• α CMa (Bayer designation)

 

Hypernyms

• Canis Major
• star
• Winter Triangle

 

Binary star system

• binary star
• star system

 

Primary star of the binary star system

• binary component
• main sequence star
• Sirius (binary star system)

 

Hyponyms

(Binary star system):

white main sequence star

• Alpha Canis Majoris A
• Sirius A
• the Dog Star (informal)
• α Canis Majoris A
• α CMa A

 

white dwarf star

• Alpha Canis Majoris B
• Sirius B
• the Pup (informal)
• α Canis Majoris B
• α CMa B

 

Translations

Translations

• Afrikaans: Sirius
• Arabic: اَلشِّعْرَى‎ f (aš-šiʿrā)
• Armenian: Սիրիուս (hy) (Sirius)
• Avestan: 𐬙𐬌𐬱𐬙𐬭𐬌𐬌𐬀‎ (tištriia)
• Bengali: লুব্ধক (lubdhôk)
• Catalan: Sírius m, estel del Ca m
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 天狼星 (tin¹ long⁴ sing¹)

  Mandarin: 天狼星 (zh) (Tiānlángxīng)

• Czech: Sirius
• Danish: Hundestjernen
• Dutch: Sirius (nl)
• Egyptian: (spdt f)
• Estonian: Siirius
• Finnish: Sirius
• French: Sirius (fr) m
• Georgian: სირიუსი (siriusi)
• German: Sirius (de) m
• Greek: Σείριος (el) (Seírios)

  Ancient: Σείριος m (Seírios)

• Hebrew: אַבְרֵק‎ (avréq)
• Hindi: व्याध तारा (vyādh tārā)
• Indonesian: Sirius
• Irish: Réalta an Mhadra f
• Italian: Sirio
• Japanese: 天狼星 (てんろうせい, Tenrōsei), シリウス (ja) (Shiriusu)
• Kazakh: Сүмбіле (Sümbile)
• Khmer: ផ្កាយព្រឹក (km) (pkaay prɨk)
• Korean: 천랑성 (ko) (Cheollangseong) (天狼星 (ko)), 시리우스 (siriuseu)

• Kurdish:

  Central Kurdish: گەلاوێژ‎ (ku) (gelawêj)

  Northern Kurdish: Gelavêj (ku)

  Southern Kurdish: گەلاوێژ‎ (ku) (gelawêj)

• Latin: Canicula f, Sīrius (la) m
• Latvian: Sīriuss
• Lithuanian: Sirijus
• Malay: Bintang Anjing, Sirius
• Maori: Takurua
• Middle Persian: 𐭲𐭩𐭱𐭲𐭫‎ (tyštl /tištar/), 𐭲𐭩𐭫‎ (tyl /tīr/)
• Navajo: sǫʼtsoh
• Norman: Cannitchule f (Norman)
• Norwegian: Hundestjernen
• Old Norse: Lokabrenna f
• Persian: تیشتر‎ (fa) (Tištar), تیر‎ (fa) (Tir), شباهنگ‎ (fa) (Šabâhang)
• Polish: Syriusz (pl) m
• Portuguese: Sírio f
• Romanian: Sirius
• Russian: Си́риус (ru) m (Sírius)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: Сиријус

  Roman: Sirius

• Spanish: Sirio (es) m
• Swedish: Sirius (sv) c, Hundstjärnan
• Thai: ดาวซิริอุส
• Turkish: Sirius, Akyıldız (tr)
• Ukrainian: Сіріус (Sirius)
• Vietnamese: Thiên Lang, Sirius
• Welsh: Seren y Ci f, Siriws m

See also

• Sothic; canicular; cynic
• dog days, dogdays, dog day

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Faroese

Proper noun

Sirius m

1. A male given name.

Usage notes

Patronymics

• son of Sirius: Siriusarson or Siriusson
• daughter of Sirius: Siriusardóttir or Siriusdóttir

Declension

	Singular
	Indefinite
Nominative	Sirius
Accusative	Sirius
Dative	Siriusi
Genitive	Siriusar

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German

Proper noun

Sirius m (genitive Sirius)

1. (astronomy) Sirius

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Latin

Etymology

From Ancient Greek Σείριος (Seírios, “Seirios”), from σείριος (seírios, “scorching, destructive”)

Proper noun

Sīrius m sg (genitive Sīriī or Sīrī); second declension

1. (astronomy) Sirius

Declension

Second-declension noun, singular only.

Case	Singular
Nominative	Sīrius
Genitive	Sīriī Sīrī1
Dative	Sīriō
Accusative	Sīrium
Ablative	Sīriō
Vocative	Sīrī

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Synonyms

• Canicula
• Sothis

Hypernyms

• stellae; Canis Major, Canicula

References

• Sirius in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• Sirius in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Sirius in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette