Sirius

See also: Síríus

English

Etymology

From Latin Sīrius, from Ancient Greek Σείριος (Seírios), usually taken from σείριος (seírios, “scorching; scorcher”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA^(key): /ˈsɪɹi.əs/

• Audio (General American):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɪɹiəs
• Homophones: cereous (mirror–nearer merger), serious (mirror–nearer merger)

Proper noun

Sirius

1. (astronomy) A telescopic binary star, visually the brightest star in the night sky, a part of the northern constellation of Canis Major (the Greater Dog), one of three stars in the Winter Triangle asterism. Long understood as a single extremely luminous white star, it was associated in ancient Egypt with the Nile flood and in Greek and Roman culture with the "dog days" of summer.
2. (astronomy, specifically) The brightest star of the aforementioned star system; the white main-sequence star Sirius A.

Synonyms

star system

• Alpha Canis Majoris (Bayer latinized form)
• Blazing Star (uncommon)
• Canicula (Roman contexts)
• Shira (Islamic contexts)
• Sopdet
• Sothis (Egyptian contexts)
• the Dog Star (informal)
• α (alpha) Canis Majoris (Bayer designation)
• α CMa (Bayer abbreviated form)

brightest star

• α Canis Majoris A (designation)

Hyponyms

star system

• the Pup (informal)

Holonyms

• Canis Major, Winter Triangle

Derived terms

• Sirian

Translations

Translations

• Afrikaans: Sirius
• Arabic: اَلشِّعْرَى f (aš-šiʕrā), الشِّعْرَى الْيَمَانِيَّة f (aš-šiʕrā l-yamāniyya)
• Armenian: Սիրիուս (hy) (Sirius)
• Avestan: 𐬙𐬌𐬱𐬙𐬭𐬌𐬌𐬀 (tištriia)
• Bengali: লুব্ধক (bn) (lubdhok)
• Bulgarian: Сириус m (Sirius)
• Catalan: Sírius m, estel del Ca m
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 天狼星 (tin¹ long⁴ sing¹)

  Mandarin: 天狼星 (zh) (Tiānlángxīng)

• Czech: Sirius
• Danish: Hundestjernen
• Dutch: Sirius (nl)
• Egyptian: (spdt f)
• Esperanto: Siriuso
• Estonian: Siirius
• Finnish: Sirius
• French: Sirius (fr) m
• Georgian: სირიუსი (siriusi)
• German: Sirius (de) m, Hundsstern (de) m
• Greek: Σείριος (el) (Seírios)

  Ancient Greek: Σείριος m (Seírios)

• Hebrew: אַבְרֵק (avréq)
• Hindi: व्याध तारा m (vyādh tārā)
• Indonesian: Sirius
• Irish: Réalta an Mhadra f
• Italian: Sirio
• Japanese: 天狼星 (てんろうせい, Tenrōsei), シリウス (ja) (Shiriusu)
• Kazakh: Сүмбіле (Sümbıle)
• Khmer: ផ្កាយព្រឹក (km) (pkaay prɨk)
• Korean: 천랑성(天狼星) (ko) (Cheollangseong), 시리우스 (siriuseu)
• Kurdish:

  Central Kurdish: گەلاوێژ (ckb) (gelawêj)

  Northern Kurdish: Gelavêj (ku)

  Southern Kurdish: گەلاوێژ (ku) (gelawêj)

• Kyrgyz: Сүмбүлө (Sümbülö)
• Latin: Canicula f, Sīrius (la) m
• Latvian: Sīriuss
• Lithuanian: Sirijus
• Malay: Bintang Anjing, Sirius
• Māori: Takurua
• Navajo: sǫʼtsoh
• Norman: Cannitchule f (Norman)
• Norwegian: Hundestjernen
• Old English: hār steorra m
• Old Norse: Lokabrenna f, Hundstjarna f
• Persian: تیشتر (fa) (tištar), تیر (fa) (tir), شباهنگ (fa) (šabâhang)

  Middle Persian: 𐭲𐭩𐭱𐭲𐭫 (tyštl /⁠tištar⁠/), 𐭲𐭩𐭫 (tyl /⁠tīr⁠/)

• Polish: Syriusz (pl) m
• Portuguese: Sírio f
• Romanian: Sirius
• Russian: Си́риус (ru) m (Sírius)
• Scottish Gaelic: Ruaill Mhòr f
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: Сиријус

  Latin: Sirius

• Spanish: Sirio (es) m
• Swahili: Shira
• Swedish: Sirius (sv) c, Hundstjärnan
• Thai: ดาวซิริอุส
• Turkish: Sirius, Akyıldız (tr)
• Ukrainian: Сіріус (Sirius)
• Vietnamese: Thiên Lang, Sirius
• Welsh: Siriws m, Seren y Ci f

See also

• (Behenian fixed stars) Alcyone, Aldebaran, Algol, Algorab, Alkaid, Alphecca, Antares, Arcturus, Capella, Deneb Algedi, Procyon, Regulus, Sirius, Spica, Vega
• Sothic; canicular; cynic
• dog days, dogdays, dog day

References

• “Naming Stars”, in International Astronomical Union, 1 June 2018, List of IAU-approved Star Names.

Faroese

Proper noun

Sirius m

1. a male given name

Usage notes

Patronymics

• Sirius's son: Siriusarson or Siriusson
• Sirius's daughter: Siriusardóttir or Siriusdóttir

Declension

	singular
	indefinite
nominative	Sirius
accusative	Sirius
dative	Siriusi
genitive	Siriusar

Finnish

Etymology

From Latin Sīrius.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsirius/, [ˈs̠irius̠]
• Rhymes: -irius
• Syllabification^(key): Si‧ri‧us
• Hyphenation^(key): Si‧ri‧us

Proper noun

Sirius

1. (astronomy) Sirius (star)

Declension

Inflection of Sirius (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)
nominative		Sirius	—
genitive		Siriuksen	—
partitive		Siriusta	—
illative		Siriukseen	—
		singular	plural
nominative		Sirius	—
accusative	nom.	Sirius	—
	gen.	Siriuksen
genitive		Siriuksen	—
partitive		Siriusta	—
inessive		Siriuksessa	—
elative		Siriuksesta	—
illative		Siriukseen	—
adessive		Siriuksella	—
ablative		Siriukselta	—
allative		Siriukselle	—
essive		Siriuksena	—
translative		Siriukseksi	—
abessive		Siriuksetta	—
instructive		—	—
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of Sirius (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative Siriukseni — accusative nom. Siriukseni — gen. Siriukseni genitive Siriukseni — partitive Siriustani — inessive Siriuksessani — elative Siriuksestani — illative Siriukseeni — adessive Siriuksellani — ablative Siriukseltani — allative Siriukselleni — essive Siriuksenani — translative Siriuksekseni — abessive Siriuksettani — instructive — — comitative — — second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative Siriuksesi — accusative nom. Siriuksesi — gen. Siriuksesi genitive Siriuksesi — partitive Siriustasi — inessive Siriuksessasi — elative Siriuksestasi — illative Siriukseesi — adessive Siriuksellasi — ablative Siriukseltasi — allative Siriuksellesi — essive Siriuksenasi — translative Siriukseksesi — abessive Siriuksettasi — instructive — — comitative — — first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative Siriuksemme — accusative nom. Siriuksemme — gen. Siriuksemme genitive Siriuksemme — partitive Siriustamme — inessive Siriuksessamme — elative Siriuksestamme — illative Siriukseemme — adessive Siriuksellamme — ablative Siriukseltamme — allative Siriuksellemme — essive Siriuksenamme — translative Siriukseksemme — abessive Siriuksettamme — instructive — — comitative — — second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative Siriuksenne — accusative nom. Siriuksenne — gen. Siriuksenne genitive Siriuksenne — partitive Siriustanne — inessive Siriuksessanne — elative Siriuksestanne — illative Siriukseenne — adessive Siriuksellanne — ablative Siriukseltanne — allative Siriuksellenne — essive Siriuksenanne — translative Siriukseksenne — abessive Siriuksettanne — instructive — — comitative — — third-person possessor singular plural nominative Siriuksensa — accusative nom. Siriuksensa — gen. Siriuksensa genitive Siriuksensa — partitive Siriustaan Siriustansa — inessive Siriuksessaan Siriuksessansa — elative Siriuksestaan Siriuksestansa — illative Siriukseensa — adessive Siriuksellaan Siriuksellansa — ablative Siriukseltaan Siriukseltansa — allative Siriukselleen Siriuksellensa — essive Siriuksenaan Siriuksenansa — translative Siriuksekseen Siriukseksensa — abessive Siriuksettaan Siriuksettansa — instructive — — comitative — —

Inflection of Sirius (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
nominative		Sirius	—
genitive		Siriusin	—
partitive		Siriusia	—
illative		Siriusiin	—
		singular	plural
nominative		Sirius	—
accusative	nom.	Sirius	—
	gen.	Siriusin
genitive		Siriusin	—
partitive		Siriusia	—
inessive		Siriusissa	—
elative		Siriusista	—
illative		Siriusiin	—
adessive		Siriusilla	—
ablative		Siriusilta	—
allative		Siriusille	—
essive		Siriusina	—
translative		Siriusiksi	—
abessive		Siriusitta	—
instructive		—	—
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of Sirius (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative Siriusini — accusative nom. Siriusini — gen. Siriusini genitive Siriusini — partitive Siriusiani — inessive Siriusissani — elative Siriusistani — illative Siriusiini — adessive Siriusillani — ablative Siriusiltani — allative Siriusilleni — essive Siriusinani — translative Siriusikseni — abessive Siriusittani — instructive — — comitative — — second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative Siriusisi — accusative nom. Siriusisi — gen. Siriusisi genitive Siriusisi — partitive Siriusiasi — inessive Siriusissasi — elative Siriusistasi — illative Siriusiisi — adessive Siriusillasi — ablative Siriusiltasi — allative Siriusillesi — essive Siriusinasi — translative Siriusiksesi — abessive Siriusittasi — instructive — — comitative — — first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative Siriusimme — accusative nom. Siriusimme — gen. Siriusimme genitive Siriusimme — partitive Siriusiamme — inessive Siriusissamme — elative Siriusistamme — illative Siriusiimme — adessive Siriusillamme — ablative Siriusiltamme — allative Siriusillemme — essive Siriusinamme — translative Siriusiksemme — abessive Siriusittamme — instructive — — comitative — — second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative Siriusinne — accusative nom. Siriusinne — gen. Siriusinne genitive Siriusinne — partitive Siriusianne — inessive Siriusissanne — elative Siriusistanne — illative Siriusiinne — adessive Siriusillanne — ablative Siriusiltanne — allative Siriusillenne — essive Siriusinanne — translative Siriusiksenne — abessive Siriusittanne — instructive — — comitative — — third-person possessor singular plural nominative Siriusinsa — accusative nom. Siriusinsa — gen. Siriusinsa genitive Siriusinsa — partitive Siriusiaan Siriusiansa — inessive Siriusissaan Siriusissansa — elative Siriusistaan Siriusistansa — illative Siriusiinsa — adessive Siriusillaan Siriusillansa — ablative Siriusiltaan Siriusiltansa — allative Siriusilleen Siriusillensa — essive Siriusinaan Siriusinansa — translative Siriusikseen Siriusiksensa — abessive Siriusittaan Siriusittansa — instructive — — comitative — —

Synonyms

• Koirantähti
• Kalevan tähti

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin Sīrius.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /si.ʁjys/

• Audio (France (Vosges)):

  (file)

Proper noun

Sirius m

1. (astronomy) Sirius

   Synonym: (archaic) Canicule

Further reading

• Sirius on the French Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^fr

German

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin Sīrius.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈziːʁiʊs/

• Audio (Germany (Berlin)):

  (file)

Proper noun

Sirius m (proper noun, strong, genitive Sirius)

1. (astronomy) Sirius

Latin

Etymology

From Ancient Greek Σείριος (Seírios, “Seirios”), possibly from σείριος (seírios, “scorching, destructive”).

Proper noun

Sīrius m sg (genitive Sīriī or Sīrī); second declension

1. (astronomy) Sirius

Declension

Second-declension noun, singular only.

	singular
nominative	Sīrius
genitive	Sīriī Sīrī1
dative	Sīriō
accusative	Sīrium
ablative	Sīriō
vocative	Sīrī

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Synonyms

• Canicula
• Sothis

Hypernyms

• stellae; Canis Major, Canicula

Descendants

Borrowed

• → Afrikaans: Sirius
• →⇒ Arabic: اَلشِّعْرَى (aš-šiʕrā), الشِّعْرَى الْيَمَانِيَّة (aš-šiʕrā l-yamāniyya)
• → Armenian: Սիրիուս (Sirius)
• → Catalan: Sírius
• → Czech: Sirius
• → Dutch: Sirius
• → Esperanto: Siriuso
• → Estonian: Siirius
• → Faroese: Sirius
• → Finnish: Sirius
• → French: Sirius
• → Georgian: სირიუსი (siriusi)
• → German: Sirius
• → Indonesian: Sirius
• → Italian: Sirio
• → Japanese: シリウス (Shiriusu)
• → Korean: 시리우스 (siriuseu)
• → Latvian: Sīriuss
• → Lithuanian: Sirijus
• → Malay: Sirius
• → Polish: Syriusz
• → Portuguese: Sírio
• → Romanian: Sirius
• → Russian: Си́риус (Sírius)
• → Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: Сиријус

  Roman: Sirius

• → Spanish: Sirio
• → Swedish: Sirius
• → Thai: ซิริอุส, ⇒ ดาวซิริอุส
• → Turkish: Sirius
• → Ukrainian: Сіріус (Sirius)
• → Vietnamese: Sirius
• → Welsh: Siriws

References

• “Sirius”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “Sirius”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “Sirius”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.