Template:ilo-noun
ilo-noun
- The following documentation is located at Template:ilo-noun/documentation. [edit]
- Useful links: subpage list • links • redirects • transclusions • errors (parser/module) • sandbox
Documentation
Ilocano noun headword template. This template can handle plural forms other than the default usually indicated by plural articles or demonstratives, such as dagiti or kadagiti.
Parameters
|1=- Headword with diacritics for pronunciation. Otherwise, this defaults to the page name.
|pl=- Plural form, where not formed by adding plural articles or demonstratives but by morphological modification (partial reduplication or
consonant gemination). [Pluralization guide below]
Pluralization Guide
The guide below is based on A Reference Grammar of Ilocano by Carl Rubino.[1]
To make the plural or distributive form of an Ilocano noun, use CVC (consonant-vowel-consonant) reduplication of the initial consonant-vowel-consonant sound sequence of the noun. Nouns that start with a vowel have an inherent glottal stop (/ʔ/). Pluralize these nouns by reduplicating the initial glottal stop, the vowel, and the following consonant. Note that glottal stops at the beginning of a word are unwritten but glottal stops between a vowel and consonant are written with a hyphen (-).
| Singular | Plural/Distributive | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| sabong | sabsabong | flowers |
| kayo | kaykayo | trees |
| balay | balbalay | houses |
| mata | matmata | eyes |
| aso (/ʔa.so/) | as-aso (/ʔas.ʔa.so/) | dogs |
| itlog (/ʔit.log/) | it-itlog (/ʔit.ʔit.log/) | eggs |
| uleg (/ʔu.lɯg/) | ul-uleg (/ʔul.ʔu.lɯg/) | snakes |
If the noun begins with a CVV (consonant-vowel-vowel) sound sequence, reduplicate only the initial consonant and vowel of the noun.
| Singular | Plural/Distributive | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| nuang | nunuang | water buffalos |
| biag | bibiag | lives |
| ruangan | ruruangan | doors/gates |
| guardia | guguardia | guards |
| diario | didiario | newspapers |
Many nouns such as kin and relationship terms are pluralized by CV (consonant-vowel) reduplication.
| Singular | Plural/Distributive | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| gayyem | gagayyem | friends |
| kabsat | kakabsat | siblings |
| ikit | iikit | aunts |
| uliteg | uuliteg | uncles |
| kailian | kakailian | townmates |
| kaaruba | kakaaruba | neighbors |
| baknang | babaknang | rich men |
Other kin terms only germinate, or double, the first consonant of the second syllable of the noun.
| Singular | Plural/Distributive | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| anak | annak | children |
| ama | amma | fathers |
| ina | inna | mothers |
| lalaki | lallaki | men |
| babai | babbai | women |
| ubing | ubbing | children (young people) |
| asawa | assawa | spouses |
Some common nouns referring to people or animate beings have irregular plurals.
| Singular | Plural/Distributive | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| tao | tattao | people |
| baro | babbaro | young men, bachelors |
| balasang | babbalasang | young women, maidens |
| balo | babbalo | widows, widowers |
| baket | babbaket | old women |
| lakay | lallakay | old men |
Usage examples
For balay: {{ilo-noun|balay}}
which creates:
balay
For kayong: {{ilo-noun|kayong|pl=kakayong}}
which creates:
kayong (plural kakayong)
For ima: {{ilo-noun|ima|pl=im-ima}}
which creates:
ima (plural uim-ima)
For ubing: {{ilo-noun|ima|pl=ubbing}}
which creates:
ubbing (plural ubbing)
For lalaki: {{ilo-noun|lalaki|pl=lallaki}}
which creates:
lalaki (plural lallaki)
References
- ^ Rubino, C. R. G. (1997). A Reference Grammar of Ilocano. UMI Company.