Wiktionary:Evenki transliteration
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This is a Wiktionary policy, guideline or common practices page. This is a draft proposal. It is unofficial, and it is unknown whether it is widely accepted by Wiktionary editors. |
Policies – Entries: CFI - EL - NORM - NPOV - QUOTE - REDIR - DELETE. Languages: LT - AXX. Others: BLOCK - BOTS - VOTES. |
These are the rules concerning transliteration in Evenki entries.
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | archaic (pre-1918) | |||
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А | Б | В | Г | Д | Е | Ё | Ж | З | И | Й | К | Л | М | Н | Ӈ | О | П | Р | С | Т | У | Ф | Х | Ц | Ч | Ш | Щ | Ъ | Ы | Ь | Э | Ю | Я | |||
а | б | в | г | д | е | ё | ж | з | и | й | к | л | м | н | ӈ | о | п | р | с | т | у | ф | х | ц | ч | ш | щ | ъ | ы | ь | э | ю | я | |||
A a | B b | W w | G g | D d, Ʒ ʒ1 | E e, Je je2 | Jo jo, O o3 | Z z | Z z | I i, Ji ji2 | J j | K k | L l | M m | N n, Ņ ņ 1 | Ŋ ŋ | O o | P p | R r | S s | T t | U u | F f | H h | C c | Ç ç | Ş ş | Ş ş | ʺ | I i | ʹ | Ə ə | Ju ju, U u3 | Ja ja, A a3 |
Table notes:
- ʒ and ņ are written before soft vowels (е, ё, и, ю, я) and d, n otherwise.
- je and ji are written after vowels and at the beginning of the word and e, i otherwise.
- o, u, a are written after ʒ and ņ and jo, ju, ja otherwise.
Motivation
[edit]The transliteration scheme is based off on the official Evenki Latin alphabet used in the Soviet Union until 1938 as explained in Vasilevič, G. M. (1958) Эвэнкийско-Русский словарь [Evenki-Russian dictionary] (in Russian), Moscow: GIS, page 653, with the following changes:
- The distinction between ə and e is unrecoverable from Cyrillic spelling after d, ʒ, n, ņ, t, j and word onset because э and е are used to denote palatality or its absence (redundantly for t). The original Latin spelling made the distinction while here the э corresponds to ə and e to e in such cases.
- ш is represented by ş instead of s. Literary Evenki features ш exclusively in Russian loanwords and in speech merges it with s, however it's also featured in dialectal native vocabulary for which reason the distinction is here preserved.