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acus

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: aĉus and -acus

Latin

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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    From Proto-Italic *akus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱus, from the root *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”). Related to acuō (“sharpen, whet”) and aciēs (“edge”).[1][2]

    Noun

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    acus f (genitive acūs); fourth declension

    2. a needle, a pin
    3. bodkin
    4. Alternative form of acus (“bran”)
      • 4 CE – c. 70 CE, Columella, De re rustica 2.14:
        nam sēmina excussa in āreā jacēbunt, superque eā paulātim eōdem modō reliquī fasciculī excutientur, ac dūrissimae quidem acūs rejectae sēparataeque erunt ā cūdentibus, minūtae vērō, quae dē siliquīs cum fabā resēderint, aliter sēcernentur.
        (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    Declension
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    Fourth-declension noun.

    singular plural
    nominative acus acūs
    genitive acūs acuum
    dative acuī acibus
    accusative acum acūs
    ablative acū acibus
    vocative acus acūs
    Derived terms
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    Descendants
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    • Aromanian: ac
    • Dalmatian: juac
    • Istriot: ago
    • Italian: ago
    • Neapolitan: aco
    • Northern-Italo Romance:
      • Romagnol: êg m
    • Romanian: ac
    • Sardinian: àcu

    Etymology 2

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      From Proto-Italic *akos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱos (“tip, bristle; ear/blade of grain, awn, chaff”), from the root *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”). Cognates include agna (“ear”) and Proto-Germanic *ahaz (“ear”), Proto-Germanic *aganō, *ahanō (“chaff”) (> English awn), Ancient Greek ἄχυρον (ákhuron) (> Greek άχυρο (áchyro, “hay”)), and Tocharian B āke (“tip, peak, end”).[1][3]

      Noun

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      acus n (genitive aceris); third declension

      2. bran, awn, chaff
        Synonym: āplūda
        • 234 BCE – 149 BCE, Cato the Elder, De agri cultura 54.2:
          sī fēnum non erit, frondem īligneam et hederāceam datō. paleās trīticeās et hordeāceās, acus fabāginum, viciam, vel dē lupīnō, item dē cēterīs frūgibus omnia condito.
          (please add an English translation of this quotation)
        • 116 BCE – 27 BCE, Marcus Terentius Varro, Agricultural Topics 1.52:
          īs trītīs oportet ē terrā subjectārī vallīs aut ventilābrīs, cum ventus spīrat lēnis. ita fit ut quod levissimum est in eō atque appellātur acus <ac palea> ēvannātur forās extrā āream ac frūmentum, quod est ponderōsum, pūrum veniat ad corbem.
          (please add an English translation of this quotation)
        • 116 BCE – 27 BCE, Marcus Terentius Varro, Agricultural Topics 1.57:
          parietēs et solum opere tēctōriō marmorātō lōrīcandī; sī minus, ex argillā mixtā acere ē frūmentō et amurcā, quod mūrem et vermem nōn patitur esse et grāna facit solidiōra ac firmiōra.
          (please add an English translation of this quotation)
        • 116 BCE – 27 BCE, Marcus Terentius Varro, Agricultural Topics 3.9.8:
          in cubīlibus, cum parturient, acus substernendum.
          (please add an English translation of this quotation)
      Declension
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      Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

      singular plural
      nominative acus acera
      genitive aceris acerum
      dative acerī aceribus
      accusative acus acera
      ablative acere aceribus
      vocative acus acera
      Derived terms
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      References

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      1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) “*h₂ek̂-”, in Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 287–300
      2. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “acu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 23
      3. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “acus, -eris”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 23-4

      Further reading

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      • Ernout, Alfred, Meillet, Antoine (1985) “acus”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine: histoire des mots (in French), 4th edition, with additions and corrections of Jacques André, Paris: Klincksieck, published 2001, page 7
      • “acus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
      • “acus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
      • "acus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
      • acus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
      • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
        • you have hit the nail on the head: rem acu tetigisti
      • “acus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
      • “acus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

      Old Dutch

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      Etymology

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      From Proto-West Germanic *akusi.

      Noun

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      acus f

      1. axe

      Inflection

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      Declension of acus (feminine i-stem noun)
      case singular plural
      nominative acus acusi
      accusative acus acusi
      genitive acusi acuso
      dative acusi acusin, acuson

      Descendants

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      References

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      • “akkus”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
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