acus

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See also: aĉus and -acus

Latin

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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    From Proto-Italic *akus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱus, from the root *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”). Related to acuō (“sharpen, whet”) and aciēs (“edge”).[1][2]

    Noun

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    acus f (genitive acūs); fourth declension

    2. a needle, a pin
    3. bodkin
    4. Alternative form of acus (“bran”)
      • 4 CE – c. 70 CE, Columella, De re rustica 2.14:
        nam sēmina excussa in āreā jacēbunt, superque eā paulātim eōdem modō reliquī fasciculī excutientur, ac dūrissimae quidem acūs rejectae sēparataeque erunt ā cūdentibus, minūtae vērō, quae dē siliquīs cum fabā resēderint, aliter sēcernentur.
    Declension
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    Fourth-declension noun.

    Case Singular Plural
    Nominative acus acūs
    Genitive acūs acuum
    Dative acuī acibus
    Accusative acum acūs
    Ablative acū acibus
    Vocative acus acūs
    Derived terms
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    Descendants
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    • Aromanian: ac
    • Dalmatian: juac
    • Istriot: ago
    • Italian: ago
    • Neapolitan: aco
    • Northern-Italo Romance:
      • Romagnol: êg m
    • Romanian: ac
    • Sardinian: àcu

    Etymology 2

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      From Proto-Italic *akos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱos (“tip, bristle; ear/blade of grain, awn, chaff”), from the root *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”). Cognates include agna (“ear”) and Proto-Germanic *ahaz (“ear”), Proto-Germanic *aganō, *ahanō (“chaff”) (> English awn), Ancient Greek ἄχυρον (ákhuron) (> Greek άχυρο (áchyro, “hay”)), and Tocharian B āke (“tip, peak, end”).[1][3]

      Noun

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      acus n (genitive aceris); third declension

      2. bran, awn, chaff
        Synonym: āplūda
        • 234 BCE – 149 BCE, Cato the Elder, De agri cultura 54.2:
          sī fēnum non erit, frondem īligneam et hederāceam datō. paleās trīticeās et hordeāceās, acus fabāginum, viciam, vel dē lupīnō, item dē cēterīs frūgibus omnia condito.
        • 116 BCE – 27 BCE, Marcus Terentius Varro, Agricultural Topics 1.52:
          īs trītīs oportet ē terrā subjectārī vallīs aut ventilābrīs, cum ventus spīrat lēnis. ita fit ut quod levissimum est in eō atque appellātur acus <ac palea> ēvannātur forās extrā āream ac frūmentum, quod est ponderōsum, pūrum veniat ad corbem.
        • 116 BCE – 27 BCE, Marcus Terentius Varro, Agricultural Topics 1.57:
          parietēs et solum opere tēctōriō marmorātō lōrīcandī; sī minus, ex argillā mixtā acere ē frūmentō et amurcā, quod mūrem et vermem nōn patitur esse et grāna facit solidiōra ac firmiōra.
        • 116 BCE – 27 BCE, Marcus Terentius Varro, Agricultural Topics 3.9.8:
          in cubīlibus, cum parturient, acus substernendum.
      Declension
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      Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

      Case Singular Plural
      Nominative acus acera
      Genitive aceris acerum
      Dative acerī aceribus
      Accusative acus acera
      Ablative acere aceribus
      Vocative acus acera
      Derived terms
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      References

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      • Ernout, Alfred, Meillet, Antoine (1985) “acus”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine: histoire des mots‎[1] (in French), 4th edition, with additions and corrections of Jacques André, Paris: Klincksieck, published 2001, page 7
      • “acus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
      • “acus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
      • acus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
      • acus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
      • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
        • you have hit the nail on the head: rem acu tetigisti
      • “acus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
      • “acus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
      1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) “*h₂ek̂-”, in Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 287–300
      2. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “acu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 23
      3. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “acus, -eris”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 23-4
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