calan

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *kalaną (“to be cold”). Cognate with Old Norse kala (“to be cold”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɑ.lɑn/

Verb

calan

1. (intransitive) to be or get cold (impersonal, with dative or accusative of person)

   Mē cælþ.

   I'm cold.

   • c. 900, King Alfred's translation of The Consolation of Philosophy

     Hwæðer þā weligan nū nǣfre ne hyngre ne ne þyrste ne ne cale?

     Do wealthy people never get hungry or thirsty or cold?

Conjugation

Conjugation of calan (strong class 6)

infinitive	calan	calenne
indicative	present	past
1st-person singular	cale	cōl
2nd-person singular	cælest, cælst	cōle
3rd-person singular	cæleþ, cælþ	cōl
plural	calaþ	cōlon
subjunctive	present	past
singular	cale	cōle
plural	calen	cōlen
imperative
singular	cal
plural	calaþ
participle	present	past
	calende	(ġe)cælen, (ġe)calen

Derived terms

• ācalan

Descendants

• Middle English: calen

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Somali

Noun

calan ?

1. flag

   Synonym: calanka

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Spanish

Verb

calan

1. Third-person plural (ellos, ellas, also used with ustedes^?) present indicative form of calar.
2. (used formally in Spain) Second-person plural present indicative form of calar.

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Tagalog

Noun

calán

1. Obsolete spelling of kalan

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Volapük

Etymology

From cal +‎ -an.

Noun

calan (nominative plural calans)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Declension

declension of calan

	singular	plural
nominative	calan	calans
genitive	calana	calanas
dative	calane	calanes
accusative	calani	calanis
vocative 1	o calan!	o calans!
predicative 2	calanu	calanus

• ¹ status as a case is disputed
• ² in later, non-classical Volapük only

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Welsh

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic [Term?], borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin kalendae, calendae, calandae (“calends”). Cognate with Cornish and Breton kalan.

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈkalan/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈkaːlan/, /ˈkalan/

Noun

calan m (plural calannau)

1. first day of the month, calends

Derived terms

• Calan Awst (“Lammas”)
• Calan Gaeaf (“Halloween”)
• Calan Mai (“May Day”)
• calennig (“New Years gift”)
• Dydd Calan (“New Years Day”)
• hel calennig (“to go about collecting gifts on New Year's Day”)
• Hen Galan (“Old New Years Day, New Years Day according to the Julian calendar”)
• Nos Galan (“New Years Eve”)

 

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
calan	galan	nghalan	chalan
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present) , “calan”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies