cal

(informal) Clipping of calorie.
(military, informal) Clipping of caliber.
(informal) Clipping of calendar.
- 2020 April 1, Taylor Lorenz, “Stop Trying to Be Productive”, in The New York Times‎^[1]:
  “I set an hour on my cal every day for a home workout. Then I’d be on calls for three hours, then I’d make a homemade breakfast, take a walk at lunchtime, work on something non-screen-related in the evening, cook dinner and go on a run,” she said.
Clipping of calibration.

Derived terms

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

cal (uncountable)

(mining, archaic, UK, dialect, Cornwall) wolfram, an ore of tungsten.^[1]

References

^ 1858, Peter Lund Simmonds, The Dictionary of Trade Products

Etymology 3

From an abbreviation of calcium hydroxide.

Noun

cal (uncountable)

calcium hydroxide, slaked lime

Anagrams

ACL, CLA, LAC, LAc, LCA, Lac, alc, lac

Albanian

Etymology

Same as çal with the usual c:ç alteration in the first letter ( also cek:çek, cep:çep, cipë:çipë, etc.). Northern Gheg word, also used as first and last name, Cal +‎ -i. Lambertz classifies Cali as an Illyrian name,^[1] but Çabej considers it unconvincing.^[2]

Noun

cal m (plural calë, definite cali, definite plural calët)

lame person, one who limps
Synonyms: çal, çalaman

Declension

Declension of **cal**
	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	cal	cali	calë	calët
accusative	cal	calin	calë	calët
dative	cali	calit	calëve	calëve
ablative	cali	calit	calësh	calëve

Adjective

^{The template Template:sq-adj does not use the parameter(s): 3=cale
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.}

cal (feminine cale)

limper, lame

References

^ Lambertz, Maximilian (1952), Zeitschrift für Indogermanische Forschungen, 60, page 307
^ Çabej, E. (1987), “cal”, in Studime etimologjike në fushë të shqipes (in Albanian), volumes III: C–D, Tirana, page 7

Aromanian

Alternative forms

calu

Etymology

From Late Latin caballus (“horse”), from Latin caballus (“pack horse”). Compare Romanian cal.

Noun

cal m (plural calj or cai)

horse

Related terms

Catalan

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈkal]
Rhymes: -al

Etymology 1

Contraction

cal

contraction of ca +‎ el

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

cal

third-person singular present indicative of caldre

Chinese

Etymology

From clipping of English calibrate.

Pronunciation

Cantonese (Jyutping): ke¹

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ke¹
  - Yale: kē
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ke¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: ké¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɛː⁵⁵/

Verb

cal

(Hong Kong Cantonese) to fine-tune; to calibrate (a hardware, e.g. camera, television, speakers)

Dalmatian

Etymology 1

From Latin quālis.

Conjunction

cal

as

Etymology 2

From Latin callis.

Noun

cal

road, street

References

Bartoli, Matteo (1906), Il Dalmatico: Resti di un’antica lingua romanza parlata da Veglia a Ragusa e sua collocazione nella Romània appenino-balcanica, Rome: Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, published 2000

French

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kal/

Noun

cal m (plural cals)

callus (hardened part of the skin)

Galician

Galician Wikipedia has an article on:

cal

Wikipedia ^gl

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈkal/ [ˈkɑɫ]
Rhymes: -al

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese cal, from Vulgar Latin *calem, from Latin calx, from Ancient Greek χάλιξ (khálix, “pebble”).

Noun

cal m (plural cales)

lime (calcium oxide)

Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Old Galician-Portuguese caal, from Latin canalis. Doublet of canal.

Alternative forms

canle

Noun

cal m or f (plural cales)

Derived terms

Etymology 3

From Old Galician-Portuguese cal / qual, from Latin quālis (“which”). Cognate with Portuguese qual and Spanish cual.

Alternative forms

cual

Pronoun

cal (plural cales)

which (what one)

Etymology 4

Noun

cal f (uncountable)

abbreviation of caloría

References

Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “qual”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “cal”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “cãal”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “cal”, in Corpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “cal”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “cal”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “cal”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Istriot

Etymology

From Latin callis, callem.

Noun

cal

street, alley

Megleno-Romanian

Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin caballus (“horse”),^[1] from Latin caballus (“pack horse”), probably of Gaulish [Term?] origin.

Noun

cal m

horse

References

Atasanov, Petar (1990), Le mégléno-roumain de nos jours: Une approche linguistique, Hamburg: Buske

^ https://www.dex.ro/cal

Middle English

Noun

cal (Northern)

alternative form of col

Old English

Etymology

Variant of cawel.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kɑːl/

Noun

cāl m

cabbage, kale, colewort

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

Middle English: col
- English: cole

References

Joseph Bosworth; T. Northcote Toller (1898), “cál”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, second edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Old Galician-Portuguese

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈkal]
Rhymes: -al
Hyphenation: cal

Etymology 1

Inherited from Vulgar Latin cals, from Latin calx, from Ancient Greek χάλιξ (khálix, “pebble”).

Noun

cal f (plural cals)

lime (calcium oxide)
- 13th century, Afonso Lopes de Baião, En arouca hũa casa faria; republished as chapter 1471, in Angelo Colocci, compiler, Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional‎^[2], c. 1526:
  En arouca hũa casa faria
  Atantei grã sabor dea fazer
  Que ia mays custa nõ recearia
  Nen ar daria rẽ por meu auer
  Ca ey pedreyꝛos e pedra e cal
  E desta casa nõ mi mĩgua al
  Senõ madeyra noua q̃ queria
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Descendants

Galician: cal
Portuguese: cal

Etymology 2

Pronoun

cal

alternative form of qual

Descendants

Galician: cal

References

Ferreiro, Manuel (2014–2026), “cal”, in Universo Cantigas: edición crítica da poesía medieval galego-portuguesa [Universo Cantigas: critical edition of Galician-Portuguese medieval poetry] (in Galician), A Coruña: University of A Coruña, →ISSN

Pipil

Etymology

From Proto-Nahuan *kal-lɨ, from Proto-Uto-Aztecan *kaLi-ta. Compare Classical Nahuatl calli (“house”).

Pronunciation

(Standard) IPA^(key): /kal/
(Witzapan) IPA^(key): /ɡal/
(Cuisnahuat) IPA^(key): /kaɬ/, /kaːl/
(Teotepeque) IPA^(key): /kaɬ/
(Jicalapa) IPA^(key): /kaɬʲ/

Noun

cal (plural cahcal)

an enclosed habitational space, a house or room. alternative form of kal
Ne nocompa nemi tic oni toltic cal
My friend lives in that yellow house

Related terms

-chan (“home”)

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:

cal

Wikipedia ^pl

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈt͡sal/
Audio: (file)
Rhymes: -al
Syllabification: cal

Etymology 1

Borrowed from German Zoll.

Noun

cal m inan

inch (English unit of length equal to 1/12 of a foot or 2.54 cm, conceived as roughly the width of a thumb)

Declension

Declension of cal

	singular	plural
nominative	cal	cale
genitive	cala	cali
dative	calowi	calom
accusative	cal	cale
instrumental	calem	calami
locative	calu	calach
vocative	calu	cale

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

cal

second-person singular imperative of calić

Portuguese

Portuguese Wikipedia has an article on:

cal

Wikipedia ^pt

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese cal, from Vulgar Latin cals, from Latin calx, from Ancient Greek χάλιξ (khálix, “pebble”).

Pronunciation

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈkaw/ [ˈkaʊ̯]

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈkal/ [ˈkaɫ]
- (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈka.li/

Rhymes: (Portugal) -al, (Brazil) -aw
Hyphenation: cal

Noun

cal f or (nonstandard) m (usually uncountable, plural cales or cais)

lime (calcium oxide)

Usage notes

Although common, the usage of cal as a masculine-gender noun is proscribed.

Romanian

Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin caballus (“horse”), from Latin caballus (“pack horse”), probably of Gaulish [Term?] origin or from something further east, such as a Scythian and ultimately Proto-Iranian [Term?] origin.^[1] The Romanian word likely went through an earlier hypothetical form *căal or *caual.^[2] Compare Aromanian cal.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kal/
Audio: (file)
Audio: (file)

Noun

cal m (plural cai)

horse
(chess) knight

Declension

	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
	singular		plural
nominative-accusative	cal	calul	cai	caii
genitive-dative	cal	calului	cai	cailor
vocative	calule		cailor

Related terms

References

Spanish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈkal/ [ˈkal]
Audio (Colombia): (file)
Rhymes: -al
Syllabification: cal

Etymology 1

Inherited from Vulgar Latin cals, from Latin calx (via the nominative), from Ancient Greek χάλιξ (khálix, “pebble”).

Noun

cal f (uncountable)

lime (calcium oxide)

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Symbol

cal

Symbol of caloría

Volapük

Noun

cal (genitive cala, plural cals)

Declension

Declension of *cal*
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	cal	cals
Genitive	cala	calas
Dative	cale	cales
Accusative	cali	calis
Predicative¹	calu	calus
Vocative	o cal	o cals

Introduced in Volapük Nulik.

Derived terms

Related terms

Welsh

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *kalɣ, from Proto-Celtic *kalgā. Cognate with Cornish kal, kalgh; Breton kalc'h.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kal/
Rhymes: -al

Noun

cal f

alternative form of cala (“penis”)

Derived terms

caldrist (“helleborine, orchid”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of *cal*
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
cal	gal	nghal	chal

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

[1] 1858, Peter Lund Simmonds, The Dictionary of Trade Products

[ArtCronin2003-2] Lambertz, Maximilian (1952), Zeitschrift für Indogermanische Forschungen, 60, page 307

[3] Çabej, E. (1987), “cal”, in Studime etimologjike në fushë të shqipes (in Albanian), volumes III: C–D, Tirana, page 7

[4] ttps://www.dex.ro/cal

[5] ttps://www.dex.ro/cai

[6] ttps://www.academia.edu/44349879/Sextil_Pu%C8%99cariu_Limba_rom%C3%A2n%C4%83_Vol_II_Rostirea_1959_

[1]

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[2]

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[2]

Chess pieces in Romanian · piese de șah (layout · text)

rege	regină, damă	tură, turn	nebun	cal	pion

Translingual

Symbol

Derived terms

See also

English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Noun

References

Etymology 3

Noun

See also

Anagrams

Albanian

Etymology

Noun

Declension

Adjective

References

Aromanian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Noun

Related terms

Catalan

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Contraction

Etymology 2

Verb

Chinese

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

See also

Dalmatian

Etymology 1

Conjunction

Etymology 2

Noun

References

French

Pronunciation

Noun

Further reading

Galician

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

Noun

Derived terms

Etymology 3

Alternative forms

Pronoun

Etymology 4

Noun

References

Istriot

Etymology

Noun

Megleno-Romanian

Etymology

Noun

References

Middle English

Noun

Old English

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Inflection

Descendants

References

Old Galician-Portuguese