calvario

See also: Calvario and calvário

Galician

A calvario at Baamonde, Galicia

Alternative forms

• calvário (reintegrationist)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *kl̥H-der.

Proto-Italic *kal(V)wos

Latin calvus

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-os?

Proto-Indo-European *-o-

Proto-Indo-European *-so-

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-

Proto-Indo-European *-yós

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós

Proto-Italic *-āsijos

Proto-Italic *-āsios

Latin -āriusnom.

Latin -ārius

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂

Proto-Italic *-ā

Latin -a

Latin -āria

Late Latin calvāriader.

Galician calvario

Derived from Late Latin calvāria (“skull”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kalˈbaɾjo/ [kɑlˈβ̞a.ɾjʊ]
• Rhymes: -aɾjo
• Hyphenation: cal‧va‧rio

Noun

calvario m (plural calvarios)

1. calvary (a representation of the crucifixion of Jesus Christ on a piece of raised ground)
2. calvary (a series of representations of Christ’s Passion in a church)
3. Via Crucis
4. (by extension, figuratively) calvary (a strenuous experience)

   Synonyms: suplicio, viacrucis

Derived terms

• Calvario

References

• Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “calvario”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “calvario”, in Corpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Santamarina, editor (2006–2013), “calvario”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Santamarina, Ernesto X. González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “calvario”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “calvario”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
• “calvario”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2026

Italian

Etymology

From Late Latin calvāria (“skull”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kalˈva.rjo/
• Rhymes: -arjo
• Hyphenation: cal‧và‧rio

Noun

calvario m (plural calvari)

1. calvary (all senses)

Anagrams

• arcavoli, arvicola, ciarlavo, ricalavo

Spanish

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Late Latin calvārium.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kalˈbaɾjo/ [kalˈβ̞a.ɾjo]
• Rhymes: -aɾjo
• Syllabification: cal‧va‧rio

Noun

calvario m (plural calvarios)

1. calvary
   • 1903, Amalia Domingo Soler, “Una pequeña historia”, in Ramos de violetas:

     la cruz del matrimonio es el calvario que Dios ha dado á la mujer y al hombre.

     the cross of wedlock is a calvary that God gave unto the woman and the man

2. ordeal

   Synonym: ordalía

   • 1996, Antti Tuuri (original), Úrsula Ojanen, Joaquín Fernández (translators), (Please provide the book title or journal name):

     Dijo Tania que cuando llegara el otoño trasladarían a la abuela al asilo de ancianos, ya que el invierno pasado había sido un calvario cuidarla, puesto que la casita no mantenía el calor suficiente […]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 2015, Tomás Eloy Martínez, Ciertas maneras de no hacer nada:

     Un hermano mío salió de bachiller en ciencias […] y pasó un calvario para conseguir cupo en la universidad: todavía no lo tiene.

     One of my brothers came out of high school with science diplomas […] he went through an ordeal to get a spot at university: he still hasn't got one.

3. area outside of a settlement abundant in crosses
4. debt chart, spreadsheet
5. skullcap
6. (obsolete) ossuary

   Synonym: osario

Descendants

• → Cebuano: kalbaryo
• → Tagalog: kalbaryo

Further reading

• “calvario”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025