cambium

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin cambium (“a change”), from Gaulish.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkambɪəm/
• IPA^(key): /ˈkeə̯m.biˌəm/, /ˈkæm.biˌəm/

Noun

cambium (plural cambiums or cambia)

1. (botany) A layer of cells between the xylem and the phloem that is responsible for the secondary growth of roots and stems.
   • 1863, Harland Coultas, What may be learned from a tree:

     During winter we perceive no change in the cells of the cambium layer, which are filled with nutritive matter […].

2. (obsolete) One of the humours formerly believed to nourish the bodily organs.
   • Template:RQ:RBrtn AntmyMlncly, Bk.I, New York, 2001, p.147:

     The radical or innate is daily supplied by nourishment, which some call cambium, and make those secondary humours of ros and gluten to maintain it […].

Translations

botanical cell layer

• Finnish: jälsi (fi)
• Hungarian: kambium
• Russian: ка́мбий (ru) m (kámbij)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Spanish: cambium
• Tagalog: bayluhing suson, bayluhan

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Latin

Etymology

From Gaulish cambion, *kambyom (“change”), from Proto-Celtic *kambos (“twisted, crooked”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱh₂mbós, *(s)kh₂mbós (“crooked”), from *(s)kh₂emb- (“to bend, curve”). Cognate with Ancient Greek σκαμβός (skambós, “crooked”), Old Irish camm (“crooked”), Welsh cam (“crooked”), Breton kamm (“crooked”), Old High German skimph (“joke, amusement, pastime”), Swedish skumpa (“to limp”), Persian خم (kham, “curve, crook”). More at change.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈkam.bi.um/, [ˈkämbiʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈkam.bi.um/, [ˈkämbium]

Noun

cambium n (genitive cambiī or cambī); second declension

1. (Late Latin) A change
2. (Late Latin) cambium

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	cambium	cambia
Genitive	cambiī cambī1	cambiōrum
Dative	cambiō	cambiīs
Accusative	cambium	cambia
Ablative	cambiō	cambiīs
Vocative	cambium	cambia

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Derived terms

• cambiō

Descendants

• → English: cambium
• → French: cambium
• Italian: cambio
• Portuguese: câmbio
• → Spanish: cambio, cambium

References

• cambium in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• cambium in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[1], pre-publication website, 2005-2016

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Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin cambium.

Noun

cambium m (plural cambiums)

1. cambium

Related terms

• cambiar