cambium

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin cambium (“a change”), from Gaulish. Doublet of change.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈkambɪəm/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈkeə̯m.biˌəm/, /ˈkæm.biˌəm/
• Rhymes: -æmbiəm

Noun

cambium (countable and uncountable, plural cambiums or cambia)

1. (botany) A layer of cells between the xylem and the phloem that is responsible for the secondary growth of roots and stems.

   Coordinate term: meristem

   • 1863, Harland Coultas, What may be learned from a tree:

     During winter we perceive no change in the cells of the cambium layer, which are filled with nutritive matter […].

2. (anatomy) Periosteum, a membrane that covers the outer surface of bones
3. (obsolete) One of the humours formerly believed to nourish the bodily organs.
   • 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC:
     , Bk.I, New York, 2001, p.147:

     The radical or innate is daily supplied by nourishment, which some call cambium, and make those secondary humours of ros and gluten to maintain it […]

Derived terms

• cork cambium
• pericambium
• procambium
• wound cambium

Translations

botanical cell layer

• Dutch: cambium (nl) n
• Finnish: jälsi (fi)
• French: cambium (fr) m
• Greek: κάμβιο (el) n (kámvio)
• Hungarian: kambium (hu)
• Ingrian: jäns
• Polish: kambium (pl) n
• Portuguese: câmbio (pt) m
• Romanian: cambiu (ro) n
• Russian: ка́мбий (ru) m (kámbij)
• Slovak: kambium n
• Spanish: cambium
• Tagalog: bayluhing suson, bayluhan

membrane that covers bones — see periosteum

Dutch

Etymology

Internationalism; see English cambium.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

cambium n (plural cambia, no diminutive)

1. (botany) cambium

   Hypernym: meristeem

Further reading

• cambium on the Dutch Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^nl

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin cambium.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɑ̃.bjɔm/

Noun

cambium m (plural cambiums)

1. cambium

Further reading

• “cambium”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Latin

Etymology

From Gaulish cambion, a yo-stem derivative of Proto-Celtic *kambos (“twisted, crooked”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱh₂mbós, *(s)kh₂mbós (“crooked”), ultimately a sound-symbolic or substrate-derived root, similar and perhaps related to Proto-Indo-European *kh₂em- (“to bend, curve”) and *kemp-; compare Latin camur, campus and Ancient Greek καμπή (kampḗ, “winding, bending; turn, change”).

Cognate with Ancient Greek σκαμβός (skambós, “crooked”), Old Irish camm (“crooked”), Welsh cam (“crooked”), Breton kamm (“crooked”), Old High German skimph (“joke, amusement, pastime”), Swedish skumpa (“to limp”).

Pronunciation

• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈkam.bi.um]

Noun

cambium n (genitive cambiī or cambī); second declension

1. (Late Latin)^? a change
2. (Medieval Latin, New Latin) cambium

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

	singular	plural
nominative	cambium	cambia
genitive	cambiī cambī1	cambiōrum
dative	cambiō	cambiīs
accusative	cambium	cambia
ablative	cambiō	cambiīs
vocative	cambium	cambia

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Derived terms

• cambiō

Descendants

• → English: cambium
• → French: cambium
• Galician: cambio
• Italian: cambio
• Portuguese: câmbio
• → Spanish: cambio, cambium

References

• "cambium", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• cambium in Ramminger, Johann (16 July 2016 (last accessed)), Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[1], pre-publication website, 2005-2016

Romanian

Noun

cambium n (uncountable)

1. alternative form of cambiu

Spanish

Alternative forms

• cámbium

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin cambium. Doublet of cambio.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkambjum/ [ˈkãm.bjũm]
• Rhymes: -ambjum
• Syllabification: cam‧bium

Noun

cambium m (plural cambiums)

1. cambium

Related terms

• cambiar