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castus

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Latin

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Verbal adjective from the same root of careō (I lack), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *ḱes- (to cut). Compare the meanings of pūrus/putus and derived putō. Related to Etruscan 𐌂𐌀𐌔𐌕𐌂𐌄 (castce).

Adjective

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castus (feminine casta, neuter castum, comparative castior, superlative castissimus, adverb castē); first/second-declension adjective

  1. morally pure, guiltless, spotless
    Synonyms: innoxius, īnsōns, innocēns
    Antonyms: reus, obnoxius, noxius, cōnscius
  2. especially in regard to sexual morality: pure, chaste, unpolluted, virtuous, continent
    • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 4.307–308:
      casta quidem, sed nōn et crēdita: rūmor inīquus
      laeserat, et falsī crīminis ācta rea est.
      Chaste, [she was] indeed, and yet had not been believed [to be so]:
      unjust slander had wronged her, and she was charged on a false accusation.

      (See Claudia Quinta.)
  3. pure, free from barbarisms
  4. in a religious context: religious, pious, holy, sacred
Declension
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First/second-declension adjective.

singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative castus casta castum castī castae casta
genitive castī castae castī castōrum castārum castōrum
dative castō castae castō castīs
accusative castum castam castum castōs castās casta
ablative castō castā castō castīs
vocative caste casta castum castī castae casta
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Etymology 2

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From careō +‎ -tus.

Noun

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castus m (genitive castūs); fourth declension

  1. (pre-Classical, post-Classical) an abstinence from sensual enjoyments on religious grounds
    Synonym: castimōnia
Declension
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Fourth-declension noun.

singular plural
nominative castus castūs
genitive castūs castuum
dative castuī castibus
accusative castum castūs
ablative castū castibus
vocative castus castūs
Derived terms
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References

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  • castus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • castus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • castus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • castus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN