caste
Appearance
English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Portuguese or Spanish casta (“lineage, breed, race”), of uncertain origin.
- The OED derives it from Portuguese casto (“chaste”), from Latin castus (“chaste"; "chastity”).
- Coromines (1987) argues instead for a hypothetical Gothic form *𐌺𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍃 (*kasts, “group, collection of animals”), cognate with English cast, from Proto-Germanic *kastuz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ǵ-es-.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Received Pronunciation) enPR: käst, IPA(key): /kɑːst/
- (Northern England, Scotland) IPA(key): /kast/
- (General American) IPA(key): /kæst/
Audio (US): (file) - Homophones: cast; karst (non-rhotic, trap–bath split)
- Rhymes: -ɑːst
Noun
[edit]caste (plural castes)
- Any of the hereditary social classes and subclasses of South Asian societies or similar found historically in other cultures.
- 2017 April 6, Samira Shackle, “On the frontline with Karachi’s ambulance drivers”, in the Guardian[1]:
- Pakistan is a conservative, religious state. The Edhi Foundation is unusual in its ignoring of caste, creed, religion and sect. This strict stance has led to some criticism from religious groups.
- A separate and fixed order or class of persons in society who chiefly associate with each other.
- 1934, Agatha Christie, chapter 5, in Murder on the Orient Express, London: HarperCollins, published 2017, page 236:
- 'I believe, Messieurs, in loyalty - to one's friends and one's family and one's caste.'
- 1911, Thomas Babington Macaulay, “Bunyan, John”, in 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica[2]:
- The tinkers then formed a hereditary caste.
- (zoology) A class of polymorphous eusocial insects of a particular size and function within a colony.
Derived terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]hereditary social class
|
Anagrams
[edit]Dutch
[edit]Verb
[edit]caste
French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Portuguese casta, if of Germanic origin, possibly from Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍃 (kasts), from Proto-Germanic *kastuz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ǵ-es- (“to throw”), similar to English cast. Or, alternatively from a derivative of Latin castus.
Noun
[edit]caste f (plural castes)
Further reading
[edit]- “caste”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Galician
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Probably from Gothic *𐌺𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍃 (*kasts), from Proto-Germanic *kastuz, *kastōną (“to throw, cast”), compare English cast.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]caste f (plural castes)
- species, race or kind
- 1853, Juan Manuel Pintos, A Gaita Gallega, Pontevedra: Impr. de D. José e D. Primitivo Vilas, page 29:
- Por aquí nacen os ricos polo outro probes labregos. Estas son as dúas castes que hai en todo o mundo inteiro.
- Here the rich people are born, there the poor peasants; these are the two races that there are in the whole world
- quality
- 1859, Ramón Barros Silvelo, Un dia de desfertuna, page 3:
- Dime logo que o probe do animal ou é de mala caste, ou ben non come
- He readily told me that the animal [that I was selling] either was of bad quality, or either it didn't eat
- progeny; group of people that share a common ancestor
- 1853, Juan Manuel Pintos, A Gaita Gallega, Pontevedra: Impr. de D. José e D. Primitivo Vilas, page 8:
- { soy llamado Pedro Luces ... } - To to to, vamos con tento que un home con ese nome pode ser caste do demo.
- {I am called Peter Lights...} —Wo wo wo! Let us be careful: a man with that name could de a Devil's child.
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “caste”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “caste”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “caste”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
- ^ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “casta”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
Italian
[edit]Adjective
[edit]caste
Noun
[edit]caste f
Anagrams
[edit]Latin
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈkas.teː/, [ˈkäs̠t̪eː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈkas.te/, [ˈkäst̪e]
Adverb
[edit]castē (comparative castius, superlative castissimē)
Etymology 2
[edit]Inflected form of castus.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈkas.te/, [ˈkäs̠t̪ɛ]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈkas.te/, [ˈkäst̪e]
Adjective
[edit]caste
References
[edit]- “caste”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “caste”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- caste in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Categories:
- English terms borrowed from Portuguese
- English terms derived from Portuguese
- English terms borrowed from Spanish
- English terms derived from Spanish
- English terms with unknown etymologies
- English terms derived from Latin
- English terms derived from Gothic
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- English terms with homophones
- Rhymes:English/ɑːst
- Rhymes:English/ɑːst/1 syllable
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with quotations
- en:Zoology
- English terms with usage examples
- en:Hinduism
- Dutch non-lemma forms
- Dutch verb forms
- French terms borrowed from Portuguese
- French terms derived from Portuguese
- French terms derived from Germanic languages
- French terms derived from Gothic
- French terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- French terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- French terms derived from Latin
- French lemmas
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French feminine nouns
- Galician terms derived from Gothic
- Galician terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Galician terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Galician/aste
- Rhymes:Galician/aste/2 syllables
- Galician lemmas
- Galician nouns
- Galician countable nouns
- Galician feminine nouns
- Galician terms with quotations
- Italian non-lemma forms
- Italian adjective forms
- Italian noun forms
- Latin terms suffixed with -e
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin adverbs
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin adjective forms