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वर्ण

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Hindi

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Sanskrit वर्ण (várṇa). Doublet of बान (bān).

Pronunciation

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  • (Delhi) IPA(key): /ʋəɾɳ/, [ʋɐɾɳ]

Noun

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वर्ण (varṇm

  1. color
    Synonym: रंग (raṅg)
  2. race (ethnic group, often categorized by skin colour)
  3. caste, class
  4. letter
    वर्णमालाvarṇamālāalphabet
  5. (phonetics) a phone

Declension

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Derived terms

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References

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Marathi

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Marathi Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia mr

Etymology

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Borrowed from Sanskrit वर्ण (várṇa).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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वर्ण (varṇam

  1. colour
    Synonym: रंग (raṅga)
  2. complexion
    कृष्णवर्ण
    kruṣṇavarṇa
    dark complexion
  3. letter

Derived terms

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Sanskrit

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Sanskrit Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sa

Alternative scripts

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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    From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wárnas, from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (to cover). By surface analysis, वृ (vṛ, cover, root) +‎ -न (-na). Compare वृणोति (vṛṇoti, to cover), Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀𐬵 (varənah, covering), English warn.

    Noun

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    वर्ण (várṇa) stemm

    1. covering, cloak, mantle
    2. cover, lid
    3. outward appearance, exterior, figure, form, shape, color
    4. color of the face, (esp. good color or complexion), luster, beauty
    5. color, tint, dye, pigment
      1. (by extension) race, species, kind, caste
    6. the order or arrangement of a song or poem
    Declension
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    Masculine a-stem declension of वर्ण
    singular dual plural
    nominative वर्णः (várṇaḥ) वर्णौ (várṇau)
    वर्णा¹ (várṇā¹)
    वर्णाः (várṇāḥ)
    वर्णासः¹ (várṇāsaḥ¹)
    accusative वर्णम् (várṇam) वर्णौ (várṇau)
    वर्णा¹ (várṇā¹)
    वर्णान् (várṇān)
    instrumental वर्णेन (várṇena) वर्णाभ्याम् (várṇābhyām) वर्णैः (várṇaiḥ)
    वर्णेभिः¹ (várṇebhiḥ¹)
    dative वर्णाय (várṇāya) वर्णाभ्याम् (várṇābhyām) वर्णेभ्यः (várṇebhyaḥ)
    ablative वर्णात् (várṇāt) वर्णाभ्याम् (várṇābhyām) वर्णेभ्यः (várṇebhyaḥ)
    genitive वर्णस्य (várṇasya) वर्णयोः (várṇayoḥ) वर्णानाम् (várṇānām)
    locative वर्णे (várṇe) वर्णयोः (várṇayoḥ) वर्णेषु (várṇeṣu)
    vocative वर्ण (várṇa) वर्णौ (várṇau)
    वर्णा¹ (várṇā¹)
    वर्णाः (várṇāḥ)
    वर्णासः¹ (várṇāsaḥ¹)
    • ¹Vedic
    Derived terms
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    Etymology 2

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    Probably a semantic extension of the "color, species" meaning above.

    Noun

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    वर्ण (várṇa) stemm

    1. a letter, sound, vowel, syllable, word
    2. a musical sound or note (also applied to the voice of animals)
    3. praise, commendation, renown, glory
    Descendants
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    References

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    • व॑र्ण” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 475, column 2.
    • Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “वर्ण”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 271
    • Monier Williams (1899) “Várṇa”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, [], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 924, column 2.
    • Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 737
    • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 517-518
    • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎[2] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 154