dúc
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Hungarian[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Of unknown origin. Originally, it was a dialectal word, the language reformers brought it back to common usage in 1792.[1]
Noun[edit]
dúc (plural dúcok)
- (architecture) strut, prop, stanchion (a vertical or angled strong beam or rod providing support)
- Synonym: támasztófa
- pigeon cote, dovecote (a small house or box, raised to a considerable height above the ground, in which domestic pigeons breed; a dove house)
- (printing) block
Declension[edit]
| Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | dúc | dúcok |
| accusative | dúcot | dúcokat |
| dative | dúcnak | dúcoknak |
| instrumental | dúccal | dúcokkal |
| causal-final | dúcért | dúcokért |
| translative | dúccá | dúcokká |
| terminative | dúcig | dúcokig |
| essive-formal | dúcként | dúcokként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | dúcban | dúcokban |
| superessive | dúcon | dúcokon |
| adessive | dúcnál | dúcoknál |
| illative | dúcba | dúcokba |
| sublative | dúcra | dúcokra |
| allative | dúchoz | dúcokhoz |
| elative | dúcból | dúcokból |
| delative | dúcról | dúcokról |
| ablative | dúctól | dúcoktól |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
dúcé | dúcoké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
dúcéi | dúcokéi |
| Possessive forms of dúc | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | dúcom | dúcaim |
| 2nd person sing. | dúcod | dúcaid |
| 3rd person sing. | dúca | dúcai |
| 1st person plural | dúcunk | dúcaink |
| 2nd person plural | dúcotok | dúcaitok |
| 3rd person plural | dúcuk | dúcaik |
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
First attested in 1708. Probably back-formation from duzzad (“to swell, expand”), altough the z > c is unusual.[2]
Noun[edit]
dúc (plural dúcok)
- (neuroanatomy) ganglion
- Synonym: idegdúc
- (dialectal) crust (the round end of the bread)
- Synonym: gyürke
- (dialectal) a round braided brioche
Declension[edit]
| Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | dúc | dúcok |
| accusative | dúcot | dúcokat |
| dative | dúcnak | dúcoknak |
| instrumental | dúccal | dúcokkal |
| causal-final | dúcért | dúcokért |
| translative | dúccá | dúcokká |
| terminative | dúcig | dúcokig |
| essive-formal | dúcként | dúcokként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | dúcban | dúcokban |
| superessive | dúcon | dúcokon |
| adessive | dúcnál | dúcoknál |
| illative | dúcba | dúcokba |
| sublative | dúcra | dúcokra |
| allative | dúchoz | dúcokhoz |
| elative | dúcból | dúcokból |
| delative | dúcról | dúcokról |
| ablative | dúctól | dúcoktól |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
dúcé | dúcoké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
dúcéi | dúcokéi |
| Possessive forms of dúc | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | dúcom | dúcaim |
| 2nd person sing. | dúcod | dúcaid |
| 3rd person sing. | dúca | dúcai |
| 1st person plural | dúcunk | dúcaink |
| 2nd person plural | dúcotok | dúcaitok |
| 3rd person plural | dúcuk | dúcaik |
Derived terms[edit]
Compound words
References[edit]
- ^ dúc in Gerstner, Károly (ed.). Új magyar etimológiai szótár. (’New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian’). Beta version. Budapest, MTA Nyelvtudományi Intézet / Magyar Nyelvtudományi Kutatóközpont, 2011–2022. (Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungary). Language abbreviations
- ^ dúc in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading[edit]
- dúc in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- dúc in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)