View source for drain

{{also|Drain}}
==English==
{{wikipedia}}
[[Image:Storm Drain.JPG|thumb|right|300px|Storm '''drain'''.]]

===Alternative forms===
* {{alter|en|drein||obsolete}}
* {{alter|en|dreen||Appalachia}}

===Etymology===
From {{inh|en|enm|dreinen}}, from {{inh|en|ang|drēahnian|t=to drain, strain, filter}}, from {{inh|en|gem-pro|*drauhnōną|t=to strain, sieve}}, from {{der|en|gem-pro|*draugiz|t=dry, parched}}. Akin to {{cog|ang|drūgian|t=to dry up}}, {{cog|ang|drūgaþ|t=dryness, drought}}, {{cog|ang|drȳġe|t=dry}}. More at {{m|en|dry}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|en|/dɹeɪn/}}
** {{audio|en|en-us-drain.ogg|a=US|IPA=[d̥ɹẽːn]}}
** {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-drain.wav|IPA=[dɹe̞ɪ̯n]}}
* {{IPA|en|/dɹiːn/|a=dialectal}} {{q|see {{m|en|dreen}}}}<ref>{{R:Bingham IP|75}}</ref>
* {{rhymes|en|eɪn|s=1}}

===Noun===
{{en-noun}}

# {{lb|en|chiefly|US|Canada}} A [[conduit]] allowing [[liquid]] to flow out of an otherwise contained volume; a [[plughole]] {{qualifier|UK}}
#: {{ux|en|The '''drain''' in the kitchen sink is clogged.}}
#* {{quote-journal|en|date=2013-03|volume=101|issue=2|page=114|magazine=w:American Scientist
|author=Frank Fish; George Lauder
|title=[http://www.americanscientist.org/issues/feature/2013/2/not-just-going-with-the-flow Not Just Going with the Flow]
|passage=An extreme version of vorticity is a ''vortex''. The vortex is a spinning, cyclonic mass of fluid, which can be observed in the rotation of water going down a '''drain''', as well as in smoke rings, tornados and hurricanes.}}
# {{lb|en|chiefly|UK}} <!-- otherwise for outside UK see "storm drain"-->An access point or conduit for [[rainwater]] that drains directly downstream in a (drainage) basin without going through [[sewer]]s or water [[treatment]] in order to prevent or belay floods.
# A natural or artificial watercourse which drains a tract of land.
#: '' Saganing '''Drain''''', ''Vermuyden's '''Drain''''', ''the South '''Drain''' river'', ''Najafgarh '''drain'''''
#* '''1770''' (printed in 1834), George Washington, ''The Writings of George Washington: pt. I. Official letters ...'', page 531:
#*: {{...}} the little runs and '''drains''', that come through the hills, and to the sources of the creeks and their branches. 
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1877|author=Verney Lovett Cameron|title=Across Africa|page=299
|text=The main '''drain''' of the country is the Walé nullah, which afterwards joins the Southern Ngombé and forms part of the system of the Malagarazi.}}
# Something consuming [[resource]]s and providing nothing in return.
#: {{ux|en|That rental property is a '''drain''' on our finances.}}
# {{lb|en|vulgar}} An act of [[urination]].
# {{lb|en|electronics}} One [[terminal]] of a [[field effect]] [[transistor]] ([[FET]]).
# {{lb|en|pinball}} An [[outhole]].
# {{lb|en|UK|slang|dated}} A [[drink]]. <!--usually/always alcoholic?-->
#* {{RQ:Dickens Three Detective Anecdotes|passage=When the play was over, we came out together, and I said, "We've been very companionable and agreeable, and perhaps you wouldn't object to a '''drain'''?"}}
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1966|author=Henry Mayhew; Peter Quennell|title=London's Underworld|page=48
|passage=What did she want with money, except now and then for a '''drain''' of [[white satin]].}}

====Derived terms====
{{col-auto|en
|brain drain
|circle the drain
|down the drain
|drainboard
|Drainbow
|[[drain cock]], [[draincock]]
|drain fly
|drainless
|[[drainlike]], [[drain-like]]
|drainmaker
|draino
|drain pan
|[[drainpipe]], [[drain pipe]]
|[[drainplug]], [[drain plug]]
|drain pump
|draintile
|draintrap
|drainwork
|French drain
|laugh like a drain
|like a rat up a drain
|Penrose drain
|rubble drain
|spray drain
|storm drain
|top-drain
|well drain
|air drain
|drain cleaner
|drain fever
|drain field
|go down the drain
|Jackson-Pratt drain
|JP drain
|pour down the drain
|reverse brain drain
|table drain
}}

====Descendants====
* {{desc|fr|drain|bor=1}}
* {{desc|ga|draein|bor=1}}
* {{desc|cy|draen|bor=1}}

====Translations====
{{trans-top|conduit for liquids}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|بَالُوعَة|f}}
* Assamese: {{t|as|খাল}}, {{t|as|নলা}}, {{t|as|লোৰ}}, {{t|as|ওটা}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|канал|m}}, {{t+|bg|водосток}}, {{t|bg|утечка|f}}, {{t+|bg|разход|m}}
* Czech: {{t|cs|výlevka|f}}
* Danish: {{t|da|dræn}}, {{t+|da|rende}}, {{t+|da|afløb}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|afvoer}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|viemäri}}; {{t+|fi|dreeni}} {{qualifier|medicine}}
* French: {{t+|fr|drain|m}}, {{t+|fr|bonde|f}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|მილი}}
* German: {{t+|de|Abfluss|m}}
* Greek:
*: Ancient: {{t|grc|εὐδιαῖον|n}}
* Hebrew: {{t|he|נִקּוּז|m|tr=nikuz}}, {{t+|he|אגן נקוז|m|tr=agan nikkuz}}
* Hindi: {{t+|hi|नाली|f}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|lefolyó}}
* Icelandic: {{t+|is|ræsi}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|draein|f}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|scolo}}
* Korean: {{t+|ko|배수구}}
* Kurdish:
*: Central Kurdish: {{t|ckb|ئاوەڕۆ}}
*: Southern Kurdish: {{t|sdh|گوِنج}}
* Latin: {{t|la|ēmissārium|m}}
* Lithuanian: {{t|lt|drenažas|m}}
* Luxembourgish: {{t|lb|Offloss|m}}, {{t|lb|Oflaf|m}}
* Malay: {{t|ms|longkang}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|wāra}}, {{t|mi|awakari}}, {{t|mi|waikari}}, {{t|mi|waikeri}}, {{t|mi|awakeri}}, {{t|mi|manga}}, {{t|mi|tereina}}, {{t|mi|kōrere}}
* Norwegian:
*: Bokmål: {{t|nb|avløp|n}}, {{t+|nb|sluk|n}}
*: Nynorsk: {{t|nn|avlaup|n}}, {{t|nn|avløp|n}}
* Old English: {{t|ang|seohtre|f}}
* Ottoman Turkish: {{t|ota|لغم|tr=lağım}}, {{t|ota|گریز|tr=geriz, giriz}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|odpływ|m}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|dreno|m}}, {{t+|pt|ralo|m}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|conductă|f}}, {{t|ro|canal de scurgere|n}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|дрена́ж|m}}, {{t+|ru|водосто́к|m}}, {{t+|ru|сток|m}}, {{t+|ru|кана́л|m}}, {{t+|ru|водоотво́д|m}}, {{t+|ru|слив|m}}
* Slovene: {{t|sl|odtok|m}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|desagüe|m}}, {{t+|es|drenaje|m}}, {{t|es|desaguador|m}}, {{t|es|desaguadero|m}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|avlopp}}
* Tagalog: {{t|tl|bangbang}}, {{t|tl|bambang}}
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|gider}}
* Vietnamese: {{t+|vi|cống}}
* Zazaki: {{t|zza|şayış|c}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|conduit for rainwater}}
* Hebrew: {{t|he|נִקּוּז|m|tr=nikuz}}, {{t+|he|מרזב|m|tr=marzev}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|draein|f}}
* Latin: {{t|la|ēmissārium|m}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|wāra}}
* Norwegian:
*: Bokmål: {{t|nb|kum|m}}
* Ottoman Turkish: {{t|ota|ناو|tr=nav}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|aliviadero|m}}, {{t+|es|sumidero|m}}, {{t|es|absorbedero|m}}
* Turkish: {{t|tr|yağmur gideri}}
* Zazaki: {{t|zza|çıranık|f}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|something consuming resources with no gains}}
* Danish: {{t|da|spild}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|rasite}}
* French: {{t+|fr|hémorragie|f}}, {{t+|fr|gouffre|m}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|მილი}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|ralo|m}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|уте́чка|f}}, {{t+|ru|у́быль|f}}, {{t+|ru|расхо́д|m}}
* Spanish: {{t|es|tubo abierto|m}}, {{t+|es|sangría|f}}, {{t|es|desaguadero|m}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|vulgar: act of urination}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|kuseminen}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|моче́ние|n}}, {{t|ru|ссаньё|n}} {{qualifier|vulgar}}, {{t|ru|сса́чка|f}} {{qualifier|vulgar}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|(electronics) name of one terminal of a transistor}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|drain|m}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|nielu}}
* French: {{t+|fr|drain|m}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|dren|m}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===Verb===
{{en-verb}}

# {{lb|en|intransitive}} To [[lose#Verb|lose]] [[liquid#Noun|liquid]].
#: {{ux|en|The clogged sink '''drained''' slowly.}}
#: {{ux|en|Knock knock. / Who’s there? / Dwayne. / Dwayne who? / '''Drain''' the bathtub, I’m drowning.}}
# {{lb|en|intransitive}} To [[flow]] gradually.
#: {{ux|en|The water of low ground '''drains''' off.}}
# {{lb|en|transitive|ergative}} To cause liquid to flow out of.
#: {{ux|en|Please '''drain''' the sink. It’s full of dirty water.}}
# {{lb|en|transitive|ergative}} To convert a perennially wet place into a dry one.
#: {{ux|en|They had to '''drain''' the swampy land before the parking lot could be built.}}
# {{lb|en|transitive}} To deplete of energy or resources.
#: {{ux|en|The stress of this job is really '''draining''' me.}}
# {{lb|en|transitive}} To draw off by degrees; to cause to flow gradually out or off; hence, to exhaust.
#* {{RQ:Bacon Sylva Sylvarum|passage=Fountains '''drain''' the water from the ground adjacent.}}
#* {{RQ:Congreve Old Batchelour|page=45|passage=At leaſt, I'm ſure I can fiſh it out of her. She's the very Sluce to her Lady's Secrets;—'Tis but ſetting her Mill agoing, and I can '''drein''' her of 'em all.}}
#* {{RQ:Motley Dutch Republic|passage=But it was not alone that he '''drained''' their treasure and hampered their industry.}}
# {{lb|en|transitive|obsolete}} To [[filter]].
#* {{RQ:Bacon Sylva Sylvarum|passage=Salt water, '''drained''' through twenty vessels of earth, hath become fresh.}}
# {{lb|en|intransitive|pinball}} To fall off the bottom of the [[playfield]].
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1990|author=Steven A. Schwartz|title=Compute's Nintendo Secrets|passage=When a ball finally '''drains''', it's gulped down by a giant gator beneath the set of flippers.}}
# {{lb|en|slang|archaic|transitive}} To [[drink]].
#* ''Bet the Coaley's Daughter'' (traditional song)
#*: But when I strove my flame to tell, / Says she, 'Come, stow that patter, / If you're a cove wot likes a gal, / Vy don't you stand some [[gatter]]?' / In course I instantly complied— / Two brimming quarts of porter, / With sev'ral goes of gin beside, / '''Drain'd''' Bet the Coaley's daughter.
# {{lb|en|transitive|basketball|slang}} To [[make]] a [[shot]].

====Alternative forms====
* {{alter|en|drein}} {{qualifier|obsolete}}

====Derived terms====
{{col3|en
|drainable
|drainage
|drain away
|{{l|en|draining|pos=adjective}}
|drain out
|drain the lizard
|drain the main vein
|drain the dragon|drain the python|drain the snake
|drain the swamp
}}

====Descendants====
* {{desc|fr|drainer|bor=1}} {{see desc}}

====Translations====
{{trans-top|to lose liquid}}
* Albanian: {{t+|sq|kulloj}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|изтичам}}, {{t|bg|оттичам се}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|排水|tr=páishuǐ}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|leeglopen}}
* Esperanto: {{t|eo|gutigi}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|tyhjentyä}}
* French: {{t+|fr|drainer}}
* Galician: {{t+|gl|escoar}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|scolare}}
* Norwegian:
*: Bokmål: {{t|nb|tømmes}}, {{t|nb|renne av}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|goli|alt=a se goli}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|протека́ть|impf}}, {{t+|ru|течь|impf}}, {{t+|ru|проса́чиваться|impf}}, {{t+|ru|сочи́ться|impf}}, {{t+|ru|оттека́ть}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|drenar}}, {{t+|es|perder}}
* Tagalog: {{t|tl|patuluin}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|cause liquid to flow out of}}
* Bulgarian: {{t|bg|отводнявам}}
* Danish: {{t|da|bortlede}}
* Dutch: {{t|nl|leeg laten lopen}}
* Esperanto: {{t|eo|gutigi}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|tyhjentää}}
* French: {{t+|fr|drainer}}
* Galician: {{t+|gl|escoar}}, {{t+|gl|escorrer}}, {{t|gl|drenar}}
* German: {{t+|de|entwässern}}, {{t|de|abfließen lassen}}, {{t+|de|ablassen}}
* Hiligaynon: {{t|hil|sag-ahan}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|taosc}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|scolare}}
* Latin: {{t|la|exhauriō}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|drenar}}, {{t+|pt|escoar}}
* Quechua: {{t|qu|ch'umay}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|scurge}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|спуска́ть|impf}}, {{t+|ru|спусти́ть|pf}}, {{t+|ru|слива́ть|impf}}, {{t+|ru|слить|pf}}, {{t+|ru|выка́чивать|impf}}, {{t+|ru|вы́качать|pf}}
* Sicilian: {{t+|scn|sculari}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|desaguar}}
* Tagalog: {{t|tl|patuluin}}
* Tocharian B: {{t|txb|tälp-}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|спуска́ти}}, {{t|uk|спусти́ти}}
* Venetan: {{t|vec|scołar}}, {{t|vec|scolar}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|dry out a wet place}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|пресушавам}}
* Czech: {{t|cs|odvodnit|pf}}, {{t|cs|vysušit|pf}}
* Danish: {{t|da|dræne}}, {{t|da|udtørre}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|ontwateren}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|kuivattaa}}
* French: {{t+|fr|déshydrater}}, {{t+|fr|essorer}}
* Galician: {{t|gl|desecar}}
* German: {{t+|de|trocknen}}, {{t+|de|trockenlegen}}
* Ido: {{t+|io|vakuigar}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|taosc}}, {{t|ga|triomaigh}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|whakaawa}}, {{t|mi|whakamimiti}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|osuszyć}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|drenar}}, {{t+|pt|secar}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|asana}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|осуша́ть|impf}}, {{t+|ru|осуши́ть|pf}}
* Slovene: {{t|sl|izsušiti}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|desaguar}}, {{t+|es|desecar}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|вису́шувати}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|deplete of energy}}
* Danish: {{t|da|dræne}}, {{t+|da|tømme}}, {{t|da|tappe}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|uitputten}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|kuluttaa}}, {{t|fi|[[viedä]] [[voimat]]}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|გამოფიტვა}}
* German: {{t+|de|leeren}}, {{t+|de|entladen}} {{qualifier|battery}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|drenar}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|истоща́ть|impf}}, {{t+|ru|истощи́ть|pf}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|agotar}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|висна́жувати}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|(pinball) to fall off the bottom of the playfield}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{checktrans-top}}
* Danish: {{t-check|da|flyde}} bort
* Ukrainian: {{t-check|uk|со́хнути}}<!--was "[[:uk:сохнути|со́хнути]]"-->
{{trans-bottom}}

===References===
<references/>

===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|en|a=adinr|Darin|Drina|Indra|Nadir|Nardi|Ndari|Radin|dinar|nadir|ranid}}

{{C|en|Liquids|Pinball}}

==Cimbrian==

===Numeral===
{{head|cim|numeral form}}

# {{inflection of|cim|drai||dat}}
#: {{ux|cim|Bar zèinan in '''drain'''.|lit=We are in '''three'''.|There are '''three''' of us.}}

==French==

===Etymology===
From {{bor|fr|en|drain}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{fr-IPA}}
* {{audio|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-drain.wav}}

===Noun===
{{fr-noun|m}}

# {{lb|fr|electronics}} {{l|en|drain}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:fr:TLFi}}

==Welsh==

===Alternative forms===
* {{alt|cy|draen|draenennau}}

===Etymology===
From {{inh|cy|cel-bry-pro|*draɣen}}, from {{inh|cy|cel-pro|*dragenā||sloetree, blackthorn, ''[[Prunus spinosa]]''}} (compare {{cog|sga|draigen}}, modern {{cog|ga|draighean}}), from {{inh|cy|ine-pro|*dʰergʰ-|t=blackbush, sloe tree}}.<ref>{{R:cel:EDPC|head=dragena|pages=104}}</ref>

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|cy|/drai̯n/}}
* {{rhymes|cy|ai̯n|s=1}}
* {{hmp|cy|draen|qq1=South Wales}}

===Noun===
{{cy-noun|f-p|draenen}}<ref>* {{R:cy:GyrA}}</ref><ref>{{R:cy:GPC}}</ref>

# {{lb|cy|botany}} [[thorn]]s

====Derived terms====
{{col-auto|cy
|[[afal drain]], [[beri drain|beri('r) drain]]<t:hawthorn berry>
|[[ar bigau drain]], [[ar y drain]], [[ar ddrain]]<t:on tenterhooks>
|draenog<t:hedgehog>
|drain Crist<t:buckthorn>
|[[drain du|drain du(on)]]<t:blackthorn>
|[[drain gwyn|drain gwyn(ion)]], [[drain ysbyddad]]<t:hawthorn>
|drain wyneb<t:pimples>
|drain y camel<t:camel-thorn>
|[[drain yr afr]], [[drain y geifr]]<t:''Astragalus tragacantha''>
|drain yn ei gap<t:a pox on their head!>
|drain yr Aifft<t:acacias>
|drain ysbinys<t:barberry tree>
|dreiniog<t:thorny>
|llidiart drain<t:bush harrow (''agricultural device'')>
|rhoi ddim drain<t: to not give two hoots, to not care a button>
|talu ddim drain<t:to be worthless>
}}

===Mutation===
{{cy-mut}}

===References===
{{reflist}}