December

See also: december

English

Alternative forms

• Decembre (obsolete)
• Dec., Dec, Dc (abbreviations)

Etymology

From Middle English December, Decembre, from Old French decembre, from Latin december (“tenth month”), from Latin decem (“ten”); + Latin -ber, from -bris, an adjectival suffix; December was the tenth month in the Roman calendar.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /dɪˈsɛmbə/
• (US) enPR: dĭ-sĕmʹbər, IPA^(key): /dɪˈsɛm.bəɹ/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛmbə(ɹ)

Proper noun

December (plural Decembers)

1. The twelfth and last month of the Gregorian calendar, following November and preceding the January of the following year, containing the southern solstice.

   Synonym: (rare) Yulemonth

   • a. 1633 (date written), Thomas Dekker, The Wonder of a Kingdome, London: […] Robert Raworth for Nicholas Vavasour, […], published 1636, →OCLC, Act I, signature [A3], recto:

     Old Oakes doe not eaſily fall: / Decembers cold hand combes my head and beard, / But May ſvvimmes in my blood; and he that vvalkes / VVithout his vvooden third legge, is never old.

2. (rare) A female given name from English.
   • 2017, Rebecca Tuhus-Dubrow, Personal Stereo, →ISBN, page 45:

     But others were less than thrilled with this new gizmo, particularly its addictive qualities. There were reports of breakups threatened and consummated over it. “Our marriage or your Sony,” one woman told her husband, who duly sold the Walkman to a bachelor friend. A young woman named December Cole, a sales executive at a beauty magazine, recalled a trip to Atlantic City with "a basically rude" man who wouldn't stop "bopping around to his own music."

3. A surname.

Hyponyms

• mid-December

Derived terms

• December bride
• Decemberish
• Decemberly
• Decembrist
• Destroy Dick December
• May-December

 

Related terms

• December effect
• December Murders
• December Revolution
• December solstice
• December Uprising
• May and December

 

Descendants

• Bislama: desemba
• Pitcairn-Norfolk: Disemba
• Tok Pisin: Desemba
• → Bengali: ডিসেম্বর (ḍiśembor)
• → Burmese: ဒီဇင်ဘာ (dijangbha)
• → Chichewa: Disembala
• → Dari: دسمبر (desembar)
• → Dhivehi: ޑިސެމްބަރު (ḍisem̊baru)
• → Hausa: Disamba
• → Hawaiian: Kēkēmapa
• → Hindi: दिसंबर (disambar)
• → Malay: Disember
• → Maori: Tīhema
• → Marathi: डिसेंबर (ḍisembar)
• → Swahili: Desemba, Disemba
• → Tokelauan: Tēhema

Translations

twelfth month of the Gregorian calendar

• Abaza: декабрь (dekabrʲ)
• Abkhaz: ԥхынҷкәын (pxənčʼkʷʼən)
• Adyghe: Тыгъэгъаз (Təğɛğaz)
• Afrikaans: Desember (af)
• Alabama: hasiholtina istapókkòolawah tóklo, hasiholtina istanóoka
• Albanian: dhjetor (sq) m
• Alemannic German: Dezember m
• Aleut: dikaabrax̂
• Alutiiq: Qanim Iralua
• Amharic: ዲሴምበር (disembär)
• Apache:

  Western Apache: Zas Nłtʼees

• Arabic: دِيسِمْبِر (ar) m (disimbir), دِيسَمْبِر (ar) m (disambir), كَانُون الْأَوَّل m (kānūn al-ʔawwal)
• Aragonese: abiento (an) m
• Armenian: դեկտեմբեր (hy) (dektember)

  Old Armenian: դեկտեմբեր (dektember)

• Aromanian: andreu (roa-rup), dechemvriu
• Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܟܵܢܘܿܢ ܩܲܕ݇ܡܵܝܵܐ m (kanon qāmaya)
• Asturian: avientu (ast) m, diciembre (ast)
• Atikamekw: Pitcipipon pisimw
• Azerbaijani: dekabr (az)
• Basque: abendu (eu)
• Belarusian: сне́жань (be) m (snjéžanʹ), (Taraškievica) сьне́жань m (sʹnjéžanʹ)
• Bengali: ডিসেম্বর (bn) (ḍiśembor)
• Bikol Central: Desyembre (bcl)
• Bislama: desemba
• Breton: Kerzu (br), miz Kerzu
• Bulgarian: деке́мври (bg) m (dekémvri)
• Burmese: ဒီဇင်ဘာ (my) (dijangbha), ဆယ့်နှစ်လ (hcai.hnacla.)
• Catalan: desembre (ca) m
• Central Dusun: Momuhau
• Chechen: Гӏуран-бутт (Ğuran-butt)
• Cherokee: ᎥᏍᎩᏱ (vsgiyi)
• Chichewa: Disembala
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 十二月 (sap⁶ ji⁶ jyut⁶)

  Dungan: лайүә (layüə), шыэрйүә (šɨeryüə)

  Hakka: 十二月 (sṳ̍p-ngi-ngie̍t)

  Hokkien: 十二月 (cha̍p-jī-go̍eh, cha̍p-jī-ge̍h, cha̍p-jī-gōe, cha̍p-lī-go̍eh, cha̍p-lī-ge̍h, cha̍p-lī-gōe)

  Mandarin: 十二月 (zh) (shí'èryuè)

• Chukchi: атъылёкэ (atʺyljokė), атъыԓёкэ (atʺyḷjokė), ӄууԓьетйъиԓгын (quuḷʹetjʺiḷgyn)
• Chuvash: раштав (raštav)
• Coptic: ⲇⲉⲕⲉⲙⲃⲣⲓⲟⲥ (dekembrios)
• Corsican: dicembre (co) m, dicembri (co) m
• Czech: prosinec (cs) m
• Dakota: Wiiakenoŋpa
• Danish: december (da) c
• Dhivehi: ޑިސެމްބަރު (dv) (ḍisem̊baru)
• Dutch: december (nl) m
• Dzongkha: སྤྱི་ཟླ་བཅུ་གཉིས་པ། (spyi zla bcu gnyis pa)
• Erzya: ацамков (acamkov)
• Esperanto: decembro (eo), Decembro
• Estonian: detsember (et)
• Ewe: Dzome, Dezember
• Faroese: desember m, desembur m
• Fijian: Tiseba
• Finnish: joulukuu (fi)
• Franco-Provençal: dècembro
• French: décembre (fr) m
• Friulian: Dicembar m, Disembar m
• Galician: decembro (gl) m, nadal (gl) m
• Georgian: დეკემბერი (ka) (deḳemberi)
• German: Dezember (de) m, Julmond (de) m
• Gilbertese: Ritembwa
• Greek: Δεκέμβριος (el) m (Dekémvrios), Δεκέμβρης (el) m (Dekémvris)
• Greenlandic: decembari
• Haitian Creole: desanm
• Hausa: Disamba (ha)
• Hawaiian: Kēkēmapa
• Hebrew: דצמבר \ דֶּצֶמְבֶּר (he) m (detsémber)
• Hindi: दिसम्बर (hi) m (disambar)
• Hungarian: december (hu)
• Icelandic: desember (is) m, desembermánuður m
• Ido: decembro (io)
• Indonesian: Desember (id)
• Ingrian: dekabri
• Interlingua: decembre (ia)
• Inuktitut: ᑎᓯᒻᐳᕆ (iu) (tisimpori)
• Inupiaq: Uyaliġvik, Siqiñġiḷaq
• Irish: Mí na Nollag m
• Italian: dicembre (it) m
• Jamaican Creole: Disemba
• Japanese: 十二月 (ja) (じゅうにがつ, jūnigatsu), 師走 (ja) (しわす, shiwasu)
• Kabuverdianu: Dezembru (Badiu), D'zembr' (São Vicente), dizenbru
• Kalmyk: барс сар (bars sar), бар сар (bar sar)
• Kambera: wulang hakambulu dàmbu
• Kapampangan: kalabin-aduang búlan, Désiembiri
• Kazakh: желтоқсан (kk) (jeltoqsan)
• Khmer: ធ្នូ (km) (thnuu)
• Kikuyu: Gatumu
• Kongo: desembele
• Korean: 십이월(十二月) (ko) (sibiwol)
• Kyrgyz: декабрь (ky) (dekabr)
• Ladin: dezember
• Lakota: Tȟahékapšuŋ wí, Waníčhoka wí
• Lao: ເດືອນທັນວາ (dư̄an than wā)
• Latin: december (la)
• Latvian: decembris (lv) m
• Lezgi: фандукӏ (fanduḳ)
• Limburgish: December m
• Lingala: dɛsɛ́mbɛ
• Lithuanian: gruodis (lt) m
• Livonian: detsembõr
• Low German:

  Dutch Low Saxon: december

  German Low German: Dezember m, Juulmaand m

• Luxembourgish: Dezember (lb) m, Chrëschtmount (lb) m
• Maasai: ɨn-tʉŋʉ́s
• Macedonian: деке́мври (mk) m (dekémvri)
• Malay: Disember (ms)
• Malayalam: ഡിസംബർ (ml) (ḍisambaṟ)
• Maltese: Diċembru (mt) m
• Manchu: ^{(please verify)} ᠵᠣᡵᡤᠣᠨ
  ᠪᡳᠶᠠ (jorgon biya)
• Maori: Tīhema
• Marathi: डिसेंबर (ḍisembar)
• Mingrelian: ქირსეთუთა (kirsetuta)
• Mirandese: Dezembre m
• Mòcheno: schantònderer m
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: арван хоёрдугаар сар (arvan xojordugaar sar)

• Montagnais: pishimuss
• Navajo: Níłchʼitsoh
• Neapolitan: deciémbro, dicèmbre
• North Frisian:

  Föhr-Amrum: deetsember m

  Mooring: jülmoune m, detsämber m

• Northern Sotho: Manthole
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: desember (no) m

  Nynorsk: desember (nn) m

• Occitan: decembre (oc) m
• Odia: ଡିସେମ୍ବର (ḍisembôrô)
• Ojibwe: manidoo-giizisoons
• Old Church Slavonic:

  Cyrillic: стоуденъ m (studenŭ)

• Old English: ǣrra ġēola m, December
• Oromo: Muddee (om)
• Ossetian: декабрь (dekabrʹ)
• Pashto: سامبر m (disãmbar), دسمبر m (desambar)
• Pennsylvania German: Dezember, Grischtmonet, Grischtmunet
• Persian: دسامبر (fa) (desâmbr), دسمبر (disimbar) (Dari)
• Plautdietsch: Dezamba m
• Polabian: ardĕmond m
• Polish: grudzień (pl) m inan
• Portuguese: dezembro (pt) m
• Punjabi: ਦਸੰਬਰ m (dasambar)
• Romagnol: dizèmbar m, dezémbar m
• Romanian: decembrie (ro), (pop) undrea (ro)
• Romansch: december m, dezember m, schember m
• Russian: дека́брь (ru) m (dekábrʹ)
• Samoan: tesema
• Sardinian:

  Campidanese: nadali m, nadabi, ^{(please verify)} mesi de paschixèdda m

  Logudorese: nadàle m, ^{(please verify)} mese de ’idas m, meseidas

• Saterland Frisian: Dezember
• Scots: December
• Scottish Gaelic: Dùbhlachd (gd) f
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: дѐце̄мбар m, про̀синац m (Croatia)

  Roman: dècēmbar m, pròsinac (sh) m (Croatia)

• Shona: Zvita
• Sicilian: dicèmmiru (scn) m, decèmmiru (scn) m, dicembri (scn) m
• Sinhalese: දෙසැම්බර් (si) (desæmbar)
• Skolt Sami: rosttovmään
• Slovak: december (sk) m
• Slovene: decêmber (sl) m
• Sotho: Tshitwe (st)
• Spanish: diciembre (es) m
• Swahili: Desemba
• Swazi: íNgongóni (ss)
• Swedish: december (sv) c
• Tagalog: Disyembre (tl)
• Tahitian: tītema
• Tajik: декабр (tg) (dekabr)
• Tamil: டிசம்பர் (ṭicampar)
• Tatar: декабрь (dekabr’)
• Telugu: డిసెంబరు (ḍisembaru)
• Thai: ธันวาคม (th) (tan-waa-kom)
• Tok Pisin: disemba
• Tongan: Tisema
• Turkish: aralık (tr), kânunuevvel (tr) (archaic), yeldoksan
• Turkmen: dekabr
• Udmurt: толсур (tolsur)
• Ukrainian: гру́день (uk) m (hrúdenʹ)
• Urdu: دسمبر (ur) m (disambar)
• Uyghur: دېكابىر (dëkabir), دېكابر (dëkabr), ئون ئىككىنچى ئاي (on ikkinchi ay)
• Uzbek: dekabr (uz)
• Venetian: disenbre (vec)
• Veps: tal'vku
• Vietnamese: tháng Mười hai (vi), tháng Mười Hai (vi), tháng mười hai (vi)
• Volapük: dekul (vo)
• Võro: joulukuu
• Walloon: decimbe (wa)
• Welsh: Rhagfyr (cy) m
• West Frisian: desimber (fy), wintermoanne (fy)
• Winnebago: Caa hee wakšų wiira
• Wolof: Disembar
• Yakut: Ахсынньы (Aqsınnyı)
• Yiddish: דעצעמבער (yi) m (detsember)
• Yup'ik: Uivik
• Zazaki: Gağan (diq), Gağane, Kanun
• Zuni: Ik'ohbu Yachunne

Statistics

• According to the 2010 United States Census, December is the 97210^th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 187 individuals. December is most common among White (57.22%) and Black/African American (32.09%) individuals.

See also

• Undecimber
• (Gregorian calendar months) Gregorian calendar month; January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December ^{(Category: en:Gregorian calendar months)}

Further reading

• Hanks, Patrick, editor (2003), “December”, in Dictionary of American Family Names, volume 1, New York City: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 422.
• Forebears

Anagrams

• Decembre

Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈde.kem.ber/

Proper noun

December m

1. December

Synonyms

• ǣrra ġēola

References

• Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898) “December”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary‎^[1], 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Scots

Etymology

From Latin december (“of the tenth month”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈdɪzɛmˈbər], [ˈdɛzɛmˈbər]

Proper noun

December

1. December

See also

• (month): Previous: November. Next: Januar