excuso

See also: excusó

Catalan

Verb

excuso

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Latin

Etymology

From ex- +‎ causa (“cause, reason; case”) +‎ -ō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ekˈskuː.soː/, [ɛkˈs̠kuːs̠oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ekˈsku.so/, [ekˈskuːs̬o]

Verb

excūsō (present infinitive excūsāre, perfect active excūsāvī, supine excūsātum); first conjugation

1. I excuse, allege in excuse; literally, free from a charge.
   • Saint Jerome

     Dum excusare credis, accusas

     When you believe you are excusing yourself, you are accusing yourself.

Conjugation

Conjugation of excūsō (first conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	excūsō	excūsās	excūsat	excūsāmus	excūsātis	excūsant
	imperfect	excūsābam	excūsābās	excūsābat	excūsābāmus	excūsābātis	excūsābant
	future	excūsābō	excūsābis	excūsābit	excūsābimus	excūsābitis	excūsābunt
	perfect	excūsāvī	excūsāvistī, excūsāstī1	excūsāvit, excūsāt1	excūsāvimus, excūsāmus1	excūsāvistis, excūsāstis1	excūsāvērunt, excūsāvēre, excūsārunt1
	pluperfect	excūsāveram, excūsāram1	excūsāverās, excūsārās1	excūsāverat, excūsārat1	excūsāverāmus, excūsārāmus1	excūsāverātis, excūsārātis1	excūsāverant, excūsārant1
	future perfect	excūsāverō, excūsārō1	excūsāveris, excūsāris1	excūsāverit, excūsārit1	excūsāverimus, excūsārimus1	excūsāveritis, excūsāritis1	excūsāverint, excūsārint1
passive	present	excūsor	excūsāris, excūsāre	excūsātur	excūsāmur	excūsāminī	excūsantur
	imperfect	excūsābar	excūsābāris, excūsābāre	excūsābātur	excūsābāmur	excūsābāminī	excūsābantur
	future	excūsābor	excūsāberis, excūsābere	excūsābitur	excūsābimur	excūsābiminī	excūsābuntur
	perfect	excūsātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	excūsātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	excūsātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	excūsem	excūsēs	excūset	excūsēmus	excūsētis	excūsent
	imperfect	excūsārem	excūsārēs	excūsāret	excūsārēmus	excūsārētis	excūsārent
	perfect	excūsāverim, excūsārim1	excūsāverīs, excūsārīs1	excūsāverit, excūsārit1	excūsāverīmus, excūsārīmus1	excūsāverītis, excūsārītis1	excūsāverint, excūsārint1
	pluperfect	excūsāvissem, excūsāssem1	excūsāvissēs, excūsāssēs1	excūsāvisset, excūsāsset1	excūsāvissēmus, excūsāssēmus1	excūsāvissētis, excūsāssētis1	excūsāvissent, excūsāssent1
passive	present	excūser	excūsēris, excūsēre	excūsētur	excūsēmur	excūsēminī	excūsentur
	imperfect	excūsārer	excūsārēris, excūsārēre	excūsārētur	excūsārēmur	excūsārēminī	excūsārentur
	perfect	excūsātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	excūsātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	excūsā	—	—	excūsāte	—
	future	—	excūsātō	excūsātō	—	excūsātōte	excūsantō
passive	present	—	excūsāre	—	—	excūsāminī	—
	future	—	excūsātor	excūsātor	—	—	excūsantor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		excūsāre	excūsāvisse, excūsāsse1	excūsātūrum esse	excūsārī	excūsātum esse	excūsātum īrī
participles		excūsāns	—	excūsātūrus	—	excūsātus	excūsandus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		excūsandī	excūsandō	excūsandum	excūsandō	excūsātum	excūsātū

¹At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

Derived terms

• excūsābilis
• excūsābundus
• excūsāmentum
• excūsātē

• excūsātiō
• excūsātor
• excūsātus

Related terms

• causa
• excūsātiuncula

Descendants

• English: excuse
• French: excuser
• Galician: escusar
• Italian: scusare

• Portuguese: escusar
• Romanian: scuza
• Sardinian: iscugiare
• Spanish: excusar

References

• “excuso”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “excuso”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• excuso in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to excuse oneself on the score of health: valetudinem (morbum) excusare (Liv. 6. 22. 7)
    
  • to plead ill-health as an excuse for absence: excusare morbum, valetudinem
    

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Spanish

Verb

excuso

1. First-person singular (yo) present indicative form of excusar.