foss

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See also: FOSS, Foss, Foß, and fos

English[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

See fosse.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

foss (plural fosses)

  1. Alternative spelling of fosse

Etymology 2[edit]

From Icelandic or Norwegian foss, both from Old Norse fors (waterfall). Doublet of force ("waterfall").

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

foss (plural fosses)

  1. (Northern England) A waterfall.
    • 2017, Benjamin Myers, The Gallows Pole, Bloomsbury, published 2019, page 101:
      Another of his flock was spotted garrotted, one found twisted and drowned at the bottom of a foss and a third split cleanly from scut to teeth.

Faroese[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

foss

  1. indefinite accusative singular of fossur
  2. indefinite genitive singular of fossur

Hungarian[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

fosik +‎ -j

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

foss

  1. second-person singular subjunctive present indefinite of fosik

Icelandic[edit]

Icelandic Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia is

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse fors, foss.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

foss m (genitive singular foss, nominative plural fossar)

  1. a waterfall (permanent flow of water over the edge of a cliff)

Declension[edit]

Norwegian Bokmål[edit]

Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no
foss

Etymology[edit]

From Danish fos, revived through Norwegian foss, from Old Norse foss, fors, from Proto-Germanic *fursaz.

Noun[edit]

foss m (definite singular fossen, indefinite plural fosser, definite plural fossene)

  1. a waterfall

Synonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]

Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse fors, foss, from Proto-Germanic *fursaz.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

foss m (definite singular fossen, indefinite plural fossar, definite plural fossane)

  1. a waterfall
    Synonyms: fossefall, vassfall

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

  • “foss” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
  • “foss” in Ivar Aasen (1873) Norsk Ordbog med dansk Forklaring

Old Irish[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Proto-Celtic *uɸostos, from Proto-Indo-European *upo-sth₂-ós, from *upó (under) +‎ *steh₂- (to stand) +‎ *-ós (agent suffix).[1][2] Cognate to Welsh gwas (servant).

Noun[edit]

foss m (genitive foiss)

  1. servant
Inflection[edit]
Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative foss fossL foissL
Vocative foiss fossL fossuH
Accusative fossN fossL fossuH
Genitive foissL foss fossN
Dative fossL fossaib fossaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Etymology 2[edit]

From Proto-Celtic *wostos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes- (to stay). Cognate to Middle Welsh gwas (abode).[3]

Noun[edit]

foss m (genitive foiss)

  1. rest, halt, the state of not being in motion
  2. perseverance
Inflection[edit]
Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative foss fossL foissL
Vocative foiss fossL fossuH
Accusative fossN fossL fossuH
Genitive foissL foss fossN
Dative fossL fossaib fossaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Descendants[edit]
  • Irish: fos

Mutation[edit]

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
foss ḟoss foss
pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References[edit]

  1. ^ Delamarre, Xavier (2003), “uassos”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 307
  2. ^ Uhlich, Jurgen (2002), “Verbal governing compounds (synthetics) in Early Irish and other Celtic languages”, in Transactions of the Philological Society, volume 100, issue 3, Wiley, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 403–433
  3. ^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1995) Studies in British Celtic historical phonology (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 121

Further reading[edit]