hormone

See also: Hormone

English

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ὁρμῶν (hormôn), present participle of ὁρμάω (hormáō, “to set in motion, to urge on”), from ὁρμή (hormḗ, “rapid motion forwards, onrush, onset, assault, impulse to do a thing, effort”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈhɔːməʊn/
• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈhoɹmoʊn/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

Noun

hormone (plural hormones)

1. (physiology) Any substance produced by one tissue and conveyed by the bloodstream to another to effect physiological activity.
   • 1998, Paul Valent, Trauma and fulfillment therapy: a wholist framework:

     Interfemale dominance may be facilitated by female sex hormones as well as adrenal testosterone...

   • 2019, Bill Bryson, The Body: A Guide for Occupants, Black Swan (2020), page 165:

     Hormones are the bicycle couriers of the body, delivering chemical messages all around the teeming metropolis that is you.

   • 2023 April 5, Mark Hay, “Does Testosterone Affect Your Politics?”, in VICE‎^[1]:

     The text recounts a 2011 experiment: Researchers tested 136 healthy young men’s testosterone levels, asked them about their political party affiliations, then gave them either a placebo or ten grams of AndroGel one percent, a high-end dose of a common form of testosterone often used in hormone replacement therapies. […] Alogaily and the paper’s co-authors argued that this is “evidence that neuro-active hormones affect political preferences”.

2. (pharmacology) A synthetic compound with the same activity.
   • 1962, D. J. B. Ashley, Human Intersex:

     Tumours of the adrenal cortex which secreted feminizing hormones […]

   • 2021, Jane Y. Xu, Michelle A. O’Connell, Lauren Notini, Ada S. Cheung, Sav Zwickl, Ken C. Pang, “Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators: A Potential Option For Non-Binary Gender-Affirming Hormonal Care?”, in Front Endocrinol, →DOI:

     Gender-affirming hormone therapy may involve testosterone for trans people assigned female at birth (AFAB) and estradiol and anti-androgens for trans people AMAB.

   1. (LGBTQ, colloquial, usually in the plural) Sex hormones, as used in hormone replacement therapy for transgender or intersex people.

      I'm going to be going to slightly higher doses of hormones soon.

3. (botany) Any similar substance in plants.

Hyponyms

• See also Thesaurus:hormone

Derived terms

• adipohormone
• adrenocorticotropic hormone
• allohormone
• antidiuretic hormone
• antihormone
• anti-Müllerian hormone
• bovine growth hormone
• caudodorsal cell hormone
• corticotropin-releasing hormone
• dorsal body hormone
• ectohormone
• enterohormone
• follicle stimulating hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone
• glycohormone
• gonadotropin-releasing hormone
• growth hormone
• hormonal
• hormonelike
• hormone replacement therapy, hormone-replacement therapy
• hormones
• hormone therapy
• hormonization
• hormonize
• hormonogenesis
• hormonology
• hormonome
• hormonomics
• juvenile hormone
• light green cell hormone
• luteinising hormone
• luteinizing hormone
• melanocyte-stimulating hormone
• 'mones
• mones
• multihormone
• necrohormone
• neurohormone
• neurohypophysis hormone
• nonhormone
• orgone
• parahormone
• parathormone
• parathyroid hormone
• phytohormone
• plant hormone
• prehormone
• preprohormone
• prohormone
• proteohormone
• prothoracicotropic hormone
• releasing hormone
• rooting hormone
• sex hormone
• sex hormone binding globulin, sex hormone-binding globulin, sex-hormone-binding globulin
• thyroid hormone
• thyroid-stimulating hormone
• thyrotropic hormone
• thyrotropin-releasing hormone
• trophic hormone
• tropic hormone
• xenohormone

Translations

substance produced by the body that effects physiological activity

• Arabic: هُرْمُون m (hurmūn)
• Armenian: հորմոն (hy) (hormon)
• Asturian: hormona f
• Bulgarian: хормо́н m (hormón)
• Catalan: hormona (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 激素 (gik¹ sou³)

  Hokkien: 激素 (kek-sò͘)

  Mandarin: 激素 (zh) (jīsù), 荷爾蒙 / 荷尔蒙 (zh) (hé'ěrméng)

• Czech: hormon (cs) m
• Danish: hormon (da)
• Dutch: hormoon (nl) n
• Esperanto: hormono
• Finnish: hormoni (fi), sisäerite, umpierite
• French: hormone (fr) f
• Galician: hormona (gl) f
• German: Hormon (de) n
• Greek: ορμόνη (el) f (ormóni)

  Ancient Greek: ὁρμῶν n (hormôn) (medical)

• Gujarati: ન્યાસર્ગ (nyāsarg), અંતઃસ્રાવ (antaḥsrāv)
• Hebrew: הורמון (he) m (hormone)
• Hindi: ग्रंथिरस (hi) m (granthiras), न्यासर्ग (nyāsarg), अंतःस्राव (antaḥsrāv)
• Hungarian: hormon (hu)
• Icelandic: hormón m or n
• Ido: hormono (io)
• Indonesian: hormon (id)
• Irish: hormón m
• Italian: ormone (it) m
• Japanese: ホルモン (ja) (horumon)
• Khmer: អរម៉ូន (ʼɑmoun)
• Korean: 호르몬 (ko) (horeumon)
• Latin: hormōn n
• Latvian: hormons m
• Lithuanian: hormonas m
• Maori: taiaki
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: hormon n

  Nynorsk: hormon n

• Persian: هورمون (fa) (hurmun)
• Polish: hormon (pl) m
• Portuguese: hormônio (pt) m (Brazil), hormona (pt) f (Portugal)
• Russian: гормо́н (ru) m (gormón), инкре́т (ru) m (inkrét)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: хо̀рмо̄н m

  Roman: hòrmōn (sh) m

• Slovak: hormón (sk) m
• Spanish: hormona (es) f
• Swedish: hormon (sv) n
• Tamil: புலங்கள் (pulaṅkaḷ)
• Thai: ฮอร์โมน (th) (hɔɔ-moon)
• Ukrainian: гормо́н m (hormón)
• Vietnamese: nội tiết tố
• Welsh: hormon m

synthetic compound with the same activity as a hormone

• Danish: hormon (da)
• Esperanto: hormono
• Finnish: hormoni (fi)
• Greek: ορμόνη (el) f (ormóni)
• Hungarian: hormon (hu)
• Portuguese: hormônio (pt) m (Brazil), hormona (pt) f (Portugal)
• Swedish: hormon (sv) n

a plant hormone

• Finnish: hormoni (fi), kasvihormoni (fi)
• Portuguese: hormônio (pt) m (Brazil), hormona (pt) f (Portugal)
• Swedish: hormon (sv) n, växthormon n

Verb

hormone (third-person singular simple present hormones, present participle hormoning, simple past and past participle hormoned)

1. (transitive, colloquial) To treat with hormones.

Translations

to treat with hormones

Anagrams

• moorhen

French

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ὁρμῶν (hormôn), present participle of ὁρμάω (hormáō, “to set in motion, to urge on”), from ὁρμή (hormḗ, “rapid motion forwards, onrush, onset, assault, impulse to do a thing, effort”).

Pronunciation

• ^{(mute h)} IPA^(key): /ɔʁ.mɔn/

• Audio (Paris):

  (file)

Noun

hormone f (plural hormones)

1. hormone

Derived terms

• hormonal

Further reading

• “hormone”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Interlingua

Noun

hormone (plural hormones)

1. alternative form of hormon

Spanish

Verb

hormone

1. inflection of hormonar:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative