justifier

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English

Etymology

justify +‎ -er.

Noun

justifier (plural justifiers)

  1. (chiefly philosophy) One who, or that which, justifies some belief or action.
  2. One who pardons and absolves from guilt and punishment.
    • 1867, The Evangelical Repository and United Presbyterian Review (page 483)
      God, essentially considered, in the person of the Father, is especially the justifier, in respect of judiciary power and authority.
  3. (computing, typography) A machine, program or algorithm that justifies text by aligning it.
    • 1955, Book Production (volumes 61-62, page 43)
      When the operator starts typing the third line, the justifier goes to work on the second.

French

Etymology

From Old French justifier, borrowed from Late Latin iūstificāre, jūstificare, present active infinitive of iustificō, from Latin iūstus.

Verb

justifier

  1. to justify

Conjugation

Conjugation of justifier (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple justifier
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple justifiant
/ʒys.ti.fjɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle justifié
/ʒys.ti.fje/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present justifie
/ʒys.ti.fi/ 		justifies
/ʒys.ti.fi/ 		justifie
/ʒys.ti.fi/ 		justifions
/ʒys.ti.fjɔ̃/ 		justifiez
/ʒys.ti.fje/ 		justifient
/ʒys.ti.fi/
imperfect justifiais
/ʒys.ti.fjɛ/ 		justifiais
/ʒys.ti.fjɛ/ 		justifiait
/ʒys.ti.fjɛ/ 		justifiions
/ʒys.ti.fi.jɔ̃/ 		justifiiez
/ʒys.ti.fi.je/ 		justifiaient
/ʒys.ti.fjɛ/
past historic2 justifiai
/ʒys.ti.fje/ 		justifias
/ʒys.ti.fja/ 		justifia
/ʒys.ti.fja/ 		justifiâmes
/ʒys.ti.fjam/ 		justifiâtes
/ʒys.ti.fjat/ 		justifièrent
/ʒys.ti.fjɛʁ/
future justifierai
/ʒys.ti.fi.ʁe/ 		justifieras
/ʒys.ti.fi.ʁa/ 		justifiera
/ʒys.ti.fi.ʁa/ 		justifierons
/ʒys.ti.fi.ʁɔ̃/ 		justifierez
/ʒys.ti.fi.ʁe/ 		justifieront
/ʒys.ti.fi.ʁɔ̃/
conditional justifierais
/ʒys.ti.fi.ʁɛ/ 		justifierais
/ʒys.ti.fi.ʁɛ/ 		justifierait
/ʒys.ti.fi.ʁɛ/ 		justifierions
/ʒys.ti.fi.ʁjɔ̃/ 		justifieriez
/ʒys.ti.fi.ʁje/ 		justifieraient
/ʒys.ti.fi.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present justifie
/ʒys.ti.fi/ 		justifies
/ʒys.ti.fi/ 		justifie
/ʒys.ti.fi/ 		justifiions
/ʒys.ti.fi.jɔ̃/ 		justifiiez
/ʒys.ti.fi.je/ 		justifient
/ʒys.ti.fi/
imperfect2 justifiasse
/ʒys.ti.fjas/ 		justifiasses
/ʒys.ti.fjas/ 		justifiât
/ʒys.ti.fja/ 		justifiassions
/ʒys.ti.fja.sjɔ̃/ 		justifiassiez
/ʒys.ti.fja.sje/ 		justifiassent
/ʒys.ti.fjas/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — justifie
/ʒys.ti.fi/ 		— justifions
/ʒys.ti.fjɔ̃/ 		justifiez
/ʒys.ti.fje/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Related terms

Descendants

  • → Romanian: justifica

Further reading

Old French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin iūstificāre, jūstificare, present active infinitive of iustificō, from Latin iūstus.

Verb

justifier

  1. to show to be innocent
    • 12th century, Cambridge Psalter
      E ne vienges pas a jugier od tun serf, ker n'en iert pas justifiiez el tun esguardemenz

Descendants

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