kicsi

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Hungarian

Etymology

Shortened from kicsiny.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈkit͡ʃi]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: ki‧csi

Adjective

kicsi (comparative kisebb, superlative legkisebb)

  1. little, small
    Synonyms: kis, kicsike, kicsiny, kicsinyke, pici, picike, apró
    Antonym: nagy
  2. in one's childhood (often used with kor)
    Synonym: gyerek (especially in compounds, e.g. gyermekkor)

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative kicsi kicsik
accusative kicsit kicsiket
dative kicsinek kicsiknek
instrumental kicsivel kicsikkel
causal-final kicsiért kicsikért
translative kicsivé kicsikké
terminative kicsiig kicsikig
essive-formal kicsiként kicsikként
essive-modal
inessive kicsiben kicsikben
superessive kicsin kicsiken
adessive kicsinél kicsiknél
illative kicsibe kicsikbe
sublative kicsire kicsikre
allative kicsihez kicsikhez
elative kicsiből kicsikből
delative kicsiről kicsikről
ablative kicsitől kicsiktől
non-attributive
possessive - singular
kicsié kicsiké
non-attributive
possessive - plural
kicsiéi kicsikéi

Usage notes

Kicsi is normally used on its own (in the predicate, or as a short reference to a noun phrase with this qualifier). It can also be used in an emphatic way before nouns (especially in informal style), but the neutral variant kis is more usual in the latter, adjectival role. (Note that the same syntactic difference exists between kettő and két in Hungarian, both of which mean 'two'.) Their distribution is comparable to that of "sick" and "ill" in English: "they are ill" (cf. kettő, kicsi, when used on their own) vs. "sick people" (cf. két, kis, i.e. used before a noun).

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ kicsi in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)