mēnesis
Latvian
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *mḗh₁n̥s (“moon, month”), from *meh₁- (“to measure”). Cognates include Lithuanian mėnuo (“month, moon”), Old Church Slavonic мѣсѧць (měsęcĭ, “moon, month”) (whence Russian ме́сяц (mésjac), Polish miesiąc, Czech měsíc), Sanskrit मास (māsa), Persian ماه (mâh), Old Armenian ամիս (amis), Ancient Greek μήν (mḗn, “moon”), Latin mēnsis (“month”) (whence Spanish mes, Italian mese, French mois), Proto-Celtic *mīns (whence Irish mí, Welsh mis), and Proto-Germanic *mēnōþs (“month”) (Old English mōnaþ, English month, German Monat, Dutch maand, Swedish månad).
Noun
[edit]mēnesis m (2nd declension)
- month (one of the 12 divisions of the year)
- pavasara, rudens mēneši ― spring, autumn months
- mēneša vidējā temperatūra ― average monthly temperature
- gaidīt vairākus mēnešus ― to wait for several months
- ziemas mēnesis ― winter month (= January)
- month (a period of approximately 30 days)
- paveikt darbu divos mēnešos ― get the job done in two months
- pēc mēneša ― after a month
- sapulce notiek reizi mēnesī ― the meeting happens once a month
Usage notes
[edit]The noun mēnesis (“month”) is often confused with its homonym mēness (“moon”), with which it has most declension forms in common (only the nominative singular and genitive singular forms of these two nouns are different).
Declension
[edit]| singular (vienskaitlis) | plural (daudzskaitlis) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (nominatīvs) | mēnesis | mēneši |
| accusative (akuzatīvs) | mēnesi | mēnešus |
| genitive (ģenitīvs) | mēneša | mēnešu |
| dative (datīvs) | mēnesim | mēnešiem |
| instrumental (instrumentālis) | mēnesi | mēnešiem |
| locative (lokatīvs) | mēnesī | mēnešos |
| vocative (vokatīvs) | mēnesi | mēneši |