miror

Latin

Alternative forms

• mīrō

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *(s)mey-der.

Proto-Indo-European *sméyros

Proto-Italic *smeiros

Latin mīrus

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.

Proto-Italic *-ājō

Proto-Italic *-āō

Latin -or

Latin miror

From mīrus (“remarkable, astonishing”) +‎ -or, from Proto-Italic *smeiros, from Proto-Indo-European *sméyros (“laughing, smiling”), from *(s)mey- (“to laugh, to be glad”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈmiː.rɔr]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈmiː.ror]

Verb

mīror (present infinitive mīrārī or mīrārier, perfect active mīrātus sum); first conjugation, deponent

1. (transitive) to be astonished at, marvel at, admire, be amazed at, wonder at

   Synonyms: astupeō, admīror, obstupēscō, stupeō, stupēscō, attonō, dēfīgō

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 1.421–422:

     Mīrātur mōlem Aenēās, māgālia quondam;
     mīrātur portās, strepitumque, et strāta viārum.

     [Upon his first sight of Carthage,] Aeneas marvels [at such] massive construction, [where] once [was only] huts; he admires its gateways, and such noisy activity, and the pavement of its streets.
     (Exemplifies anaphora.)

Conjugation

   Conjugation of mīror (first conjugation, deponent)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	mīror		mīrāris, mīrāre		mīrātur		mīrāmur		mīrāminī		mīrantur
	imperfect	mīrābar		mīrābāris, mīrābāre		mīrābātur		mīrābāmur		mīrābāminī		mīrābantur
	future	mīrābor		mīrāberis, mīrābere		mīrābitur		mīrābimur		mīrābiminī		mīrābuntur
	perfect	mīrātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	mīrātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	mīrātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	mīrer		mīrēris, mīrēre		mīrētur		mīrēmur		mīrēminī		mīrentur
	imperfect	mīrārer		mīrārēris, mīrārēre		mīrārētur		mīrārēmur		mīrārēminī		mīrārentur
	perfect	mīrātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	mīrātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		mīrāre		—		—		mīrāminī		—
	future	—		mīrātor		mīrātor		—		—		mīrantor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		mīrārī, mīrārier1			—			mīrāns			—
future		mīrātūrum esse			—			mīrātūrus			mīrandus
perfect		mīrātum esse			—			mīrātus			—
future perfect		mīrātum fore			—			—			—
perfect potential		mīrātūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		mīrandī		mīrandō		mīrandum		mīrandō		mīrātum		mīrātū

¹The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.

Derived terms

• admīror
• ēmīror
• mīrābilis
• mīrābundus
• mīrāculum
• mīrātiō
• mīrātor
• mīrātrīx

Descendants

• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: mirai (Campidanese), mirare (Logudorese)
• Balkano-Romance:
  • Aromanian: njir, njirari
  • Romanian: mira, mirare
• Italo-Romance:
  • Corsican: mirà
  • Italian: mirare
• Rhaeto-Romance:
  • Ladin: mirer
• Gallo-Italic:
  • Piedmontese: miré
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: mirar
  • Occitan: mirar
  • Old French: mirer
    • French: mirer (dated)
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Aragonese: mirar
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: mirar
    • Galician: mirar
    • Portuguese: mirar
  • Old Leonese: mirar
    • Asturian: mirar
    • Extremaduran: miral
    • Leonese: mirare, merare
    • Mirandese: mirar
  • Old Spanish: mirar
    • Ladino: mirar
    • Spanish: mirar
• ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *mīrāculum (“mirror”) (see there for further descendants)
• Borrowings:
  • → English: mirate

References

• “miror”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “miror”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “miror”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.