mortificare

See also: mortificaré

Italian

Alternative forms

• mortificar (apocopic)

Etymology

Borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin mortificāre By surface analysis, morte +‎ -ficare.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mor.ti.fiˈka.re/
• Rhymes: -are
• Hyphenation: mor‧ti‧fi‧cà‧re

Verb

mortificàre (first-person singular present mortìfico, first-person singular past historic mortificài, past participle mortificàto, auxiliary avére)

1. (transitive) to mortify
   1. to dismay; to embarrass or confuse someone with a reproach; to make someone feel sorry

      Synonym: umiliare

      Near-synonyms: imbarazzare, confondere

   2. to belittle, degrade, vilify, undervalue

      Synonyms: svilire, sminuire, sottovalutare, svalutare

      Antonym: sopravvalutare

   3. (dated) to bring an organism into a death-like state

      Antonyms: rivitalizzare, vivificare

      1. (medicine) to necrotize; to deeply alter organ fabrics

         Near-synonym: necrotizzare

      2. (rare, cooking) to become high (of meat)

         Synonym: frollare

   4. (religion) to repress stimuli and desires with corporal and spiritual penance
      • 1980, Umberto Eco, “Primo giorno - Sesta”, in Il nome della rosa [The Name of the Rose] (I grandi tascabili), Milan: Bompiani, published 1984, page 64:

        [S]ai con quale […] feroce sete di penitenza ho tentato di mortificare in me i palpiti della carne, per farmi una sola trasparenza all'amore di Gesù Crocifisso...

        You know how ferocious was the thirst for penitence through which I tried to suppress my carnal palpitations, to have a sole clearness of Jesus Crucified's love...

Conjugation

    Conjugation of mortificàre (-are) (See Appendix:Italian verbs)

infinitive	mortificàre
auxiliary verb		avére	gerund		mortificàndo
present participle		mortificànte	past participle		mortificàto
person	singular			plural
	first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	io	tu	lui/lei, esso/essa	noi	voi	loro, essi/esse
present	mortìfico	mortìfichi	mortìfica	mortifichiàmo	mortificàte	mortìficano
imperfect	mortificàvo	mortificàvi	mortificàva	mortificavàmo	mortificavàte	mortificàvano
past historic	mortificài	mortificàsti	mortificò	mortificàmmo	mortificàste	mortificàrono
future	mortificherò	mortificherài	mortificherà	mortificherémo	mortificheréte	mortificherànno
conditional	mortificherèi	mortificherésti	mortificherèbbe, mortificherébbe	mortificherémmo	mortificheréste	mortificherèbbero, mortificherébbero
subjunctive	che io	che tu	che lui/che lei, che esso/che essa	che noi	che voi	che loro, che essi/che esse
present	mortìfichi	mortìfichi	mortìfichi	mortifichiàmo	mortifichiàte	mortìfichino
imperfect	mortificàssi	mortificàssi	mortificàsse	mortificàssimo	mortificàste	mortificàssero
imperative	—	tu	Lei	noi	voi	Loro
		mortìfica	mortìfichi	mortifichiàmo	mortificàte	mortìfichino
negative imperative		non mortificàre	non mortìfichi	non mortifichiàmo	non mortificàte	non mortìfichino

Related terms

• mortificarsi
• mortificazione

Further reading

• “mortificare”, in Collins Italian-English Dictionary
• “mortificare” in Aldo Gabrielli, Grandi Dizionario Italiano (Hoepli)
• “mortificare”, in Sinonimi e Contrari (in Italian), Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana, 2003

Latin

Verb

mortificāre

1. inflection of mortificō:
   1. present active infinitive
   2. second-person singular present passive imperative/indicative

Romanian

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *mer-

Proto-Indo-European *-tis

Proto-Indo-European *mértis ~ *mr̥téys

Proto-Italic *mortis

Latin mors

Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.

Proto-Italic *θakos

Proto-Italic *-fakos

Latin -ficus

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.

Proto-Italic *-ājō

Proto-Italic *-āō

Latin -ō

Latin -ficō

Latin mortificārelbor.

French mortifierbor.

Romanian mortifica

Romanian -re

Romanian mortificare

From mortifica + -re.

Noun

mortificare f (plural mortificări)

1. mortification

Declension

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	mortificare	mortificarea	mortificări	mortificările
genitive-dative	mortificări	mortificării	mortificări	mortificărilor
vocative	mortificare, mortificareo		mortificărilor

Spanish

Verb

mortificare

1. first/third-person singular future subjunctive of mortificar