mrj

Egyptian

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈmiɾjit/ → /ˈmiʔjiʔ/ → /ˈmeʔja/ → /ˈmeʔjə/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈmiɾjit/
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈmiʔjiʔ/
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈmeʔja/
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈmeʔjə/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /mɛri/
  • Conventional anglicization: meri

Verb

 3ae inf.

1. (transitive, of family members, rulers and subjects, or people and gods) to love (someone), to have affection for, to be fond of
   • The Stela of Inhuretnakht, British Museum, Egyptian Antiquities 1783:

     jrt.n n.f zꜣ.f smsw.f mr(j).f dbj

     What his eldest beloved son Debi made for him.

2. (transitive) to love (something abstract: truth, life, goodness, battle, etc.)
3. (transitive) to be fond of, to love (something one possesses)
4. (transitive) to want, to desire (something one does not possess)
5. (transitive) to desire to be in (a place)
6. (transitive, with infinitive) to want (to do something)
7. (transitive, with sḏm.f) to want, to wish (that something be done)

Usage notes

The imperfective and perfective nominal forms of this word can be used after m at the start of a sentence to introduce a conditional or comparative noun clause.

Inflection

Conjugation of mrj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: mr, geminated stem: mrr

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
mrt, mrj	mrw, mr	mrt, mrwt, mryt	mr	mr, mry

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
mr8, mrr8	ḥr mrt, ḥr mrj	m mrt, m mrj	r mrt, r mrj

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	mr.n	mrw, mr, mry	consecutive	mr.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	mrt, mryt
perfective3	mr	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	mr.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	mr, mry	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	mrw, mr, mry	mrw, mr, mry	potentialis1	mr.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	mr, mry	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	mr.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	mrw1, mry, mr	active + .tj1, .tw2	mr	mry, mr
imperfective	mrr, mrry, mrrw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	mrr, mrrj6, mrry6	mrr, mrrw5
prospective	mrw1, mry, mr, mrtj7	—	mrwtj1 4, mrtj4, mrt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of mrj  

mrj	mrj	mrj	mrj	mrj	mrj	mrj	mrj
[Old Kingdom]	[Old Kingdom]	[since the Old Kingdom]	[since the Middle Kingdom]	[since the Middle Kingdom]	[since the Middle Kingdom]	[since the Middle Kingdom]	[Amarna Period]

Derived terms

• mr.n-rꜥ
• mr.s-ꜥnḫ
• mry
• mry-jmn
• mry-n-ptḥ
• mry-rꜥ
• mryt-jmn
• mryt-jt.s
• mryt-jtn
• mryt-ptḥ
• mryt-rꜥ
• mrt-nbtj
• tꜣ-mrj

 

Descendants

• Demotic: mr
  • Akhmimic Coptic: ⲙⲉⲓⲉ (meie)
  • Bohairic Coptic: ⲙⲉⲓ (mei)
  • Fayyumic Coptic: ⲙⲏⲓ (mēi)
  • Sahidic Coptic: ⲙⲉ (me)

References

• “mri̯ (lemma ID 72470)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎^[1], Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01 edition, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1928) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[2], volume 2, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 98.12–101.13
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 111
• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 374.