oliva

See also: Oliva, olíva, olivă, and olīva

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin oliva (“olive”). Doublet of olive.

Noun

oliva

1. (anatomy) olivary body
   • 1998, R. Nieuwenhuys, Hendrik Jan Donkelaar, Charles Nicholson, The Central Nervous System of Vertebrates: With Posters, page 1562:

     The medial part of the ventral lamina forms the most rostral pole of the oliva, the dorsal lamina the most caudal one.

Anagrams

• Ivalo, Viola, viola, voila, voilà, volia

Aragonese

Etymology

Inherited from Latin olīva.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /oˈliba/
• Syllabification: o‧li‧va
• Rhymes: -iba

Noun

oliva f

1. olive (fruit)

Derived terms

• oliva negra
• oliva verde
• olivera

References

• Diccionario ortografico de l'aragonés (Seguntes la PO de l'EFA)

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Latin olīva.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [uˈli.βə]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [uˈli.və]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [oˈli.va]

• Audio (Valencia):

  (file)

• Audio (Barcelona):

  (file)

Noun

oliva f (plural olives)

1. olive (fruit)

Derived terms

• oliva negra
• oliva verda
• olivella
• oliver
• olivera

References

• “oliva”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
• “oliva”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
• “oliva” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “oliva” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Czech

Etymology

Borrowed from German Olive, from Latin olīva, from Ancient Greek ἐλαία (elaía).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈolɪva]

Noun

oliva f (relational adjective olivový)

1. olive (fruit)

Declension

Declension of oliva (hard feminine)

	singular	plural
nominative	oliva	olivy
genitive	olivy	oliv
dative	olivě	olivám
accusative	olivu	olivy
vocative	olivo	olivy
locative	olivě	olivách
instrumental	olivou	olivami

Derived terms

• olivovník

Further reading

• “oliva”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “oliva”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

Galician

Alternative forms

• ouliva

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese oliva, from Latin olīva. The preservation of intervocalic /l/ is irregular, so it was perhaps borrowed from Mozarabic. Modern pronunciation is adapted from Spanish, since olive and olive oil is not produced in most of Galicia.

Pronunciation

• (Traditional) IPA^(key): [oˈli.βɐ]
• (Modern) IPA^(key): [ɔˈli.βɐ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

oliva f (plural olivas)

1. olive (fruit)

Related terms

• oliveira (“olive tree”)

References

• Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “oliva”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “oliva”, in Corpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “ouliu”, in Corpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “oliva”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “oliva”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “oliva”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Interlingua

Noun

oliva (plural olivas)

1. olive

Italian

Olive (olives)

Alternative forms

• uliva

Etymology

From Latin olīva, from Etruscan 𐌄𐌋𐌄𐌉𐌅𐌀 (eleiva) or from Pre-Classical Ancient Greek *ἐλαίϝα (*elaíwa) (compare Mycenaean Greek 𐀁𐀨𐀷 (e-ra-wa), Ancient Greek ἐλαία (elaía)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁loywom.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /oˈli.va/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iva
• Hyphenation: o‧lì‧va

Noun

oliva f (plural olive)

1. olive (fruit)

Noun

oliva m (invariable)

1. olive (color)

Adjective

oliva (invariable)

1. olive (color)

Related terms

• olio d'oliva
• olivaceo
• olivagno
• olivaio
• olivare
• olivastro
• olivato
• olivella
• olivello
• olivenite
• oliveto
• olivetta
• olivigno
• olivina
• olivo

Anagrams

• Viola, ovali, viola, voilà, volai

Latin

olivae (olives)

oliva (olive tree)

Etymology

From Etruscan *𐌄𐌋𐌄𐌉𐌅𐌀 (*eleiva) (whence 𐌄𐌋𐌄𐌉𐌅𐌀𐌍𐌀 (eleivana, “of oil”)), itself from Pre-Classical Ancient Greek *ἐλαίϝα (*elaíwa) (compare Mycenaean Greek 𐀁𐀨𐀷 (e-ra-wa), Ancient Greek ἐλαία (elaía)), or perhaps from the same source. In any case, most likely from a Mediterranean Pre-Greek source, possibly Proto-Berber *wlw (“wild olive”). More questionably, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *h₁loywom (compare Old Church Slavonic лои (loi, “tallow”), Old Armenian եւղ (ewł, “oil”)). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ɔˈliː.wa]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [oˈliː.va]

Noun

olīva f (genitive olīvae); first declension

1. an olive (fruit)
2. an olive tree
3. (poetic) an olive branch

Declension

First-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	olīva	olīvae
genitive	olīvae	olīvārum
dative	olīvae	olīvīs
accusative	olīvam	olīvās
ablative	olīvā	olīvīs
vocative	olīva	olīvae

Synonyms

• (olive fruit): olea
• (olive tree): olea, oleaster, oleastrum

Derived terms

• olīvans
• olīvārius
• olīvēta
• olīvētum
• olīvifer
• olīvifōrmis
• olīvitās
• olīvitor
• olīvum

Related terms

• olea
• oleāceus
• oleāgineus
• oleāmen
• oleāris
• oleārius
• oleastellus
• oleaster
• oleātus
• oleitās
• oleōsus
• olētum
• oleum
• olīvāceus
• olīvum

Descendants

• → Albanian: ulli
• Aragonese: oliba, oliva
• Corsican: aliva
• Dalmatian: olea
• → Esperanto: olivo
• Friulian: ulive
• → Ido: olivo
• Italian: oliva
• → Middle High German: olīve
  • German: Olive
    • →? Hunsrik: Oliv
• Old French: olive
  • → English: olive
  • French: olive
    • Romanian: olivă
• Old Occitan: oliva
  • Catalan: oliva
  • Occitan: oliva
• Old Galician-Portuguese: oliva
  • Fala: oliva
  • Galician: oliva
  • Portuguese: oliva
• Romansch: uliva, uleiva
• Sardinian: aliva
• Sicilian: aliva, uliva
• Spanish: oliva
• Venetan: oliva, ołiva
• ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *olīvus
  • Catalan: oliu
  • Italian: olivo
  • Sicilian: alivu
  • Spanish: olivo

Further reading

• “oliva”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “oliva”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “oliva”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers

Anagrams

• viola

Middle English

Noun

oliva

1. alternative form of olyve

Portuguese

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin olīva.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /oˈli.vɐ/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /oˈli.vɐ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /oˈli.va/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɔˈli.vɐ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɔˈli.vɐ/
  • (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɔˈli.bɐ/ [ɔˈli.βɐ]

• Hyphenation: o‧li‧va

Noun

oliva f (plural olivas)

1. olive tree

   Synonym: oliveira

2. olive (fruit)

   Synonym: azeitona

Derived terms

• olival
• olivedo

Related terms

• oliveira
• oliveirense

Romansch

Alternative forms

• uliva (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan)
• uleiva (Surmiran)

Etymology

From Latin olīva (“olive”).

Noun

oliva f (plural olivas)

1. (Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) olive (fruit)

Slovak

Etymology

Via German Olive, from Latin olīva, from Ancient Greek ἐλαία (elaía).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /oliva/

Noun

oliva f (genitive singular olivy, nominative plural olivy, genitive plural olív, declension pattern of žena)

1. olive (fruit)

Declension

Declension of oliva
(pattern žena)

	singular	plural
nominative	oliva	olivy
genitive	olivy	olív
dative	olive	olivám
accusative	olivu	olivy
locative	olive	olivách
instrumental	olivou	olivami

Derived terms

• olivový
• olivovo
• olivovník

Further reading

• “oliva”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Latin olīva.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /oˈliba/ [oˈli.β̞a]

• Audio (Spain):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iba
• Syllabification: o‧li‧va

Noun

oliva f (plural olivas)

1. olive (fruit)

   Synonym: aceituna

2. olive tree

   Synonym: olivo

Derived terms

• aceite de oliva

Related terms

• oleicultura
• olivar
• olivo

Further reading

• “oliva”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024