orgulous

English

WOTD – 14 January 2013

WOTD – 14 January 2015

Alternative forms

• orgueilous

Etymology

From Middle English orgulous, orgeilous, from Old French orgueilleus, orgoillus (“proud”), from orgoill, orgueil (“pride”), from Old Low Frankish *urgol (“pride”). Cognate with Old High German urguol (“excellent”), Old English orgel (“pride”). More at orgul.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈɔːɡjʊləs/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈɔɹɡjələs/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

Adjective

orgulous (comparative more orgulous, superlative most orgulous)

1. Proud; haughty; disdainful.
   • 1485, Thomas Malory, Le Morte D'Arthur, Macmillan and Co. (1891), page 52 (Book II, Chapter IV):

     At that time there was a knight, the which was the king's son of Ireland, and his name was Lanceor, the which was an orgulous knight, and counted himself one of the best of the court; and he had great despite at Balin for the achieving of the sword, that any should be accounted more hardy, or of more prowess.

   • 1922, James Joyce, Ulysses, Episode 14:

     Then spoke young Stephen orgulous of mother Church that would cast him out of her bosom.

   • 1966, Eric Walter White, Stravinsky the Composer and his Works, University of California Press (1966), page 5:

     Her nephew describes her as 'an orgulous and despotic woman', and it is clear that he noticed and resented her numerous unkindnesses.

   • 1975, Georgette Heyer, My Lord John, Arrow Books (2011), ISBN 0099476428, pages 14-15:

     They knew that my lord of Arundel had grown so orgulous that he had lately dared to marry the Earl of March's sister, without license.

2. Ostentatious; showy.
3. Swollen; augmented; excessive.
4. Threatening; dangerous.

Derived terms

• orgulously

Translations

proud, haughty

• Armenian: գոռոզ (hy) (goṙoz), ամբարտավան (hy) (ambartavan)
• Dutch: hoogmoedig (nl), hooghartig (nl)
• Finnish: ylpeä (fi), koppava
• French: fier (fr), hautain (fr), dédaigneux (fr), méprisant (fr), orgueilleux (fr) m, vaniteux (fr) m
• German: stolz (de)
• Italian: orgoglioso (it) m, altezzoso (it), fiero (it)

• Japanese: 誇り高き (hokoritakaki)
• Portuguese: orgulhoso (pt) m
• Russian: го́рдый (ru) (górdyj)
• Spanish: orgulloso (es) m
• Swedish: högmodig (sv), högfärdig (sv)
• Westrobothnian: stömmel brȧtt, krifwustin, kräfwustin

ostentatious, showy

• Finnish: komea (fi), näyttävä (fi)
• French: ostentatoire (fr)

• Italian: ostentato (it), appariscente (it), vistoso (it)
• Japanese: 派手な (hadena)

swollen, augmented, excessive

• Dutch: vergroot (nl), overmatige (nl)
• Finnish: paisunut (fi), koppava
• French: excessif (fr), ampoulé (fr)

• German: ergänzt (de), übermäßige (de)
• Italian: aumentato (it), eccessivo (it), smodato
• Spanish: aumentada (es), excesiva (es)

threatening, dangerous

• Danish: truende, farlig (da)
• Dutch: bedreigend (nl), gevaarlijk (nl)
• Finnish: uhkaava (fi)
• French: menaçant (fr), dangereux (fr)
• German: bedrohlich (de), gefährlich (de)
• Italian: minaccioso (it), pericoloso (it)

• Norwegian: truende, farlig
• Persian: خطرناک‏‎ (fa)
• Portuguese: ameaçador
• Spanish: amenazante, peligroso (es)
• Swedish: hotande (sv), farlig (sv)