or-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "or"

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch ur-, or-, from Proto-West Germanic *uʀ-.

Prefix

or-

1. A prefix with a variety of meanings, but originally meaning "out" or "original".

Derived terms

Category Middle Dutch terms prefixed with or- not found

Middle English

Etymology

From Old English or-, from Proto-West Germanic *oʀ-, *uʀ-, from Proto-Germanic *uz-, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *us-s-, *ud-s-, from *úd (“up, out”). Reinforced by Old Norse or-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɔr/

Prefix

or-

1. (rare) without, void of, bereft of

Derived terms

Middle English terms prefixed with or-

orðanc

Descendants

• English: or- (fossilised)

Old English

Alternative forms

• a-, ā-, ur-, ǣ-

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *oʀ-, *uʀ-, from Proto-Germanic *uz- (“out”), from unstressed Proto-Indo-European *uss-, from *uds- (“up, out”). A doublet (or alternative form) of Old English ā- (“a-”). Cognate with Old High German ur-, ir-, ar-, er- (German ur-, and hence the English borrowing English ur-); West Frisian oar-; Dutch oor-/oer-; Gothic 𐌿𐍃- (us-). More at out.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈor/

Prefix

or-

1. original
2. former
3. ex-, out of
4. without, lacking
5. causing deprivation, privative

Derived terms

• oreald
• orwēna (“without hope, hopeless”)

Old English terms prefixed with or-

orblede

ordal

oreald

oriege

orlæg

ormæte

ormod

orped

orsawle

orsorg

ortreowe

ortriewian

orþanc

Descendants

• Middle English: or-
  • English: or- (fossilised)

Further reading

• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “or-”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɔr/

Prefix

or-

1. soft mutation of gor-

Mutation

Mutated forms of gor-

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
gor-	or-	ngor-	unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.