parka
English
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]1780, ultimately from Tundra Nenets парка (parka), via Aleut parka and Russian па́рка (párka).[1][2][3] Perhaps from Proto-Uralic; see dialectal Finnish parka (“rag, swaddling clothes”), which may be a cognate from Proto-Uralic, or an early borrowing from another Uralic language.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈpɑɹkə/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈpɑːkə/
Audio (US): (file) - Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)kə
- Homophone: Parker (non-rhotic)
Noun
[edit]parka (plural parkas)
- (clothing) A long jacket with a hood which protects the wearer against rain and wind.
- 2002 January 3, James Meek, London Review of Books:
- Basir tended to wear a beige suede parka over his shalwar kameez.
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- → Afrikaans: parka
- → Chinese: 派克 (pàikè)
- → Dutch: parka
- → Finnish: parka
- → French: parka
- → German: Parka
- → Italian: parka
- → Japanese: パーカ (pāka)
- → Korean: 파카 (paka)
- → Polish: parka
- → Spanish: parka
- → Swedish: parkas
- → Turkish: parka
Translations
[edit]
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See also
[edit]- anorak
- windcheater
- parka on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
References
[edit]- ^ “parka”, in OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
- ^ “parka”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
- ^ Webs of Words: New Studies in Historical Lexicology (2010), p. 147, p. 171
Aleut
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Russian па́рка (párka).
Noun
[edit]parka
Descendants
[edit]- → English: parka (see there for further descendants)
Czech
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Russian парка (parka).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]parka f
Declension
[edit]See also
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “parka”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
- “parka”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
Finnish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Uncertain. Perhaps an old cognate of the internationalism parka (“a sort of jacket”). If so, a loan from Tundra Nenets or, less likely, inherited from Proto-Uralic.[1]
Noun
[edit]parka
- poor thing, someone pitiful
- Synonyms: polo, poloinen, raasu, raukka, raukkaparka
- poikaparka ― poor boy
- tyttöparka ― poor girl
- miesparka ― poor man
- naisparka ― poor woman
- Voi parkaa! ― (Oh,) poor thing!
- (dialectal) rag, swaddling of clothes
Declension
[edit]Inflection of parka (Kotus type 9*D/kala, k-∅ gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | parka | parat | |
genitive | paran | parkojen | |
partitive | parkaa | parkoja | |
illative | parkaan | parkoihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | parka | parat | |
accusative | nom. | parka | parat |
gen. | paran | ||
genitive | paran | parkojen parkain rare | |
partitive | parkaa | parkoja | |
inessive | parassa | paroissa | |
elative | parasta | paroista | |
illative | parkaan | parkoihin | |
adessive | paralla | paroilla | |
ablative | paralta | paroilta | |
allative | paralle | paroille | |
essive | parkana | parkoina | |
translative | paraksi | paroiksi | |
abessive | paratta | paroitta | |
instructive | — | paroin | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “1. parka”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01
Etymology 2
[edit]Internationalism (compare English parka). From Tundra Nenets парка (parka), via Aleut parka and Russian па́рка (párka). Possibly related to parka (etymology 1; see there for more).
Noun
[edit]parka
Declension
[edit]Inflection of parka (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | parka | parkat | |
genitive | parkan | parkojen | |
partitive | parkaa | parkoja | |
illative | parkaan | parkoihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | parka | parkat | |
accusative | nom. | parka | parkat |
gen. | parkan | ||
genitive | parkan | parkojen parkain rare | |
partitive | parkaa | parkoja | |
inessive | parkassa | parkoissa | |
elative | parkasta | parkoista | |
illative | parkaan | parkoihin | |
adessive | parkalla | parkoilla | |
ablative | parkalta | parkoilta | |
allative | parkalle | parkoille | |
essive | parkana | parkoina | |
translative | parkaksi | parkoiksi | |
abessive | parkatta | parkoitta | |
instructive | — | parkoin | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Possessive forms of parka (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Further reading
[edit]- “2. parka”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01
References
[edit]- ^ Janhunen, Juha. 1988. "Lisiä samojedilaisen vaatetustermin vaiheisiin". Virittäjä 92/1: 88–91.
French
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Noun
[edit]parka m or f (plural parkas)
Further reading
[edit]- “parka”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Latvian
[edit]Noun
[edit]parka m
Lower Sorbian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]parka
- inflection of park:
Polish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From para (“couple”) + -ka (diminutive suffix).
Noun
[edit]parka f
- diminutive of para
Etymology 2
[edit]From para (“steam”) + -ka (diminutive suffix).
Noun
[edit]parka f
- (rare) diminutive of para
Etymology 3
[edit]Borrowed from English parka, ultimately from Tundra Nenets парка (parka), via Aleut parka and Russian па́рка (párka).
Noun
[edit]parka f
- parka (heavy weatherproof jacket)
Etymology 4
[edit]Learned borrowing from Latin Parca.
Noun
[edit]parka f
Declension
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- parka in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- parka in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Spanish
[edit]Noun
[edit]parka f (plural parkas)
Further reading
[edit]- “parka”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
- English terms derived from Tundra Nenets
- English terms derived from Aleut
- English terms derived from Russian
- English terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- English terms derived from Uralic languages
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)kə
- Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)kə/2 syllables
- English terms with homophones
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- en:Clothing
- English terms with quotations
- Aleut terms borrowed from Russian
- Aleut terms derived from Russian
- Aleut lemmas
- Aleut nouns
- ale:Clothing
- Czech terms borrowed from Russian
- Czech terms derived from Russian
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech feminine nouns
- Czech hard feminine nouns
- Czech nouns with reducible stem
- cs:Clothing
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑrkɑ
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑrkɑ/2 syllables
- Finnish terms with unknown etymologies
- Finnish terms derived from Tundra Nenets
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Uralic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish nouns
- Finnish terms with collocations
- Finnish terms with usage examples
- Finnish dialectal terms
- Finnish kala-type nominals
- Finnish internationalisms
- Finnish terms derived from Aleut
- Finnish terms derived from Russian
- French terms with audio pronunciation
- French lemmas
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French terms spelled with K
- French masculine nouns
- French feminine nouns
- French nouns with multiple genders
- Latvian non-lemma forms
- Latvian noun forms
- Lower Sorbian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Lower Sorbian non-lemma forms
- Lower Sorbian noun forms
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/arka
- Rhymes:Polish/arka/2 syllables
- Polish terms suffixed with -ka
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish feminine nouns
- Polish diminutive nouns
- Polish terms with rare senses
- Polish terms borrowed from English
- Polish terms derived from English
- Polish terms derived from Tundra Nenets
- Polish terms derived from Aleut
- Polish terms derived from Russian
- Polish terms borrowed from Latin
- Polish learned borrowings from Latin
- Polish terms derived from Latin
- pl:Roman deities
- pl:Clothing
- pl:Two
- pl:Water
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish nouns
- Spanish countable nouns
- Spanish terms spelled with K
- Spanish feminine nouns